The Long March (of Millennials)

Last week at Future Majority, my co-blogger Josh Koenig and I had  a conversation about the shape and speed of political change.  In our conversation, Josh talked about the Long March, or, the pace at which our generation is expected to progress through the ranks of political institutions into places of power and prominence.  In response to that, I thought I'd share some research I've done for the book I'm working on.  (Yes, thanks to these good folks I am turning my blogging into a book.)

As part of my research, I just read Strauss and Howe's Millennials Rising, in which the authors lay out a timetable for just when our generation is expected to take over the reigns of government.  I'd like to lay these down as markers, see where we are currently at, and make some suggestions about what Strauss and Howe are missing, and the complimentary roles of direct action and institutional change.

Here's what Strauss and Howe predict as the timetable for Millennials' Long March to power:

2007: First Millennials eligible for election to the House of Representatives.  
2012: First Millennials reach 30 and are eligible for election to the US Senate.

Through the first half of the next decade, we are expected to produce our first crop of national leaders.

2017: The First Millennials will be eligible for the Presidency, Millennials will be the largest generation of eligible voters.
2019: 5% of all national leaders will be Millennials.
2025: 20% of all national leaders will be Millennials.
2032: The first Millennials turn 50.  A majority of state governors and Congress are Millennials.  We produce our first serious Presidential contender.
2042: We turn 60.  We will control the White House and lower judgeships.  Our first members will start to get mentioned as potential Supreme Court Justices.
2052: We turn 70.  The Presidency is ours for the entire decade, as well as a majority of Supreme Court Justice positions, but we will begin to lose majority control of other leadership positions (Congress).  
2062 - 2082: We will produce our final President.  Drift down to 20% and then 5% of national leaders.  The courts will be the one sector in which we still dominate.
2100+: R.I.P. Millennials

Some benchmarks I would add include:

  • Turnout % and % share of electorate compared to previous generations (how is our level of power stacking up against previous generations at similar times in our generational cycle?)

  • Municipal and state political leaders(elected officials and local party officials)

  • Positions of influence within and % share of netroots

  • Positions of leadership at existing social/political institutions (501c's, PACS)

  • Creation of new 501c's and PACS (effectiveness of operations is also a factor here)

Not all of these are easily measurable, but for sure they should be included in any assessment of political power.  

So where are we at?  

Well, most of Strauss and Howe's benchmarks - which are primarily concerned with measuring our hold over the three branches of government, since they are still set in the future, are off the table.

Voting:  We're way ahead of the curve.  Not  only is our generation the largest generation since the baby boom (and set to be bigger), but a greater percentage of us are turning out to vote than in previous generations.  This means that campaigns and politicians are paying more attention to our issues, and spending more of their campaign cash courting us.  This doesn't necessarily translate into political power to effect change, but it does lend us slightly more influence in the public debate (though that and a quarter will buy you the New York Post.)

Municipal and State Political Leaders:  Millennials are eligible for a lot of these positions, but it would be a massive project to find these numbers, even just in the major metropolitan areas. I've got some calls into PFAW's Young Elected Officials Network to see if they have any stats on that front.  But I expect that there are more millennials in power locally than you'd expect.  The biggest example that comes to mind in that respect is the Mayor of Pittsburgh, who is 26 years old.  Its not inconceivable that we've got a fair share of power in municipal governments through city council positions and mayoralties.  

Netroots Influence:  It seems counterintuitive, but I'm sorry to say that this is still pretty minimal.  According to the latest blog-ads survey, Millennials account for just over 15% of blog readers.  Meaning our engagement online is fairly low (because we are still relatively young and just beginning to come into our own politically), or Millennials are engaging politics online in different venues from those traditionally associated with the netroots (dKos, MyDD, TPM).  These could include social networking sites (Obamamania) . . . and I don't know what else.  I'm open to hearing from others where you think Millennials are engaging politics online.  With our high volunteer rates, it could be that young people are primarily participating on the ground - in their communities and on their campuses.

In terms of big blogosphere players, the picture is probably a little bit better.  I'm sure there are a good deal of well-known bloggers who are part of the Millennial generation (28 is the absolute cutoff).  Any help identifying those folks would be appreciated.

501c's, PACS and other infrastructure:  We're actually doing pretty well here, and aside from increasing our turnout at the ballot box, I think it's where we are most excelling as a generation.  As I've said many times, there are a slew of organizations created by or run for our generation - Living Liberally Family, Young People For, Do More Than Vote, Oregon Bus Project, Music for America, Campus Progress, Forward Montana, New Era Colorado, The League, DMI Scholars, Students for a New American Politics, Young Voter PAC, etc.  The list could go on.  

Last week I spoke with Iara Peng, Executive Director of Young People For.  We talked about the history of YPF, the curriculum, and in general the lay of the land in the progressive youth movement.  One of the points that she continually hit was that young people need structures with which to build their own political power, and they need training to understand how they can build their own power locally.  That's a big part of what YPF Fellows do - examine the local political dynamics on their campus, find a place where they can both add value and effect change, and design a plan that can help them and their peers accumulate political power to make that change happen.  With a focus on networking and sustainability, they are trying to build lasting structures that continue to support young people and increase their political capital long after a particular fellow moves on.

And that's what brings me back around to the conversation I had with my co-blogger Josh.   If I read him correctly, Josh was suggesting that, in light of the 2006 vote,  the time has come again for mass gatherings and direct action - tactics which we both agreed failed early in the Bush Presidency.  My preference for action runs more to participating in the Long March, and, with smart investments and some better networking, to speeding up that march and our accumulation of political power.  These aren't necessarily either/or options.  It is most definitely both/and.   These new institutions can be drivers of new direct action campaigns and mass gatherings if that is what the moment requires.  

And to be sure, there is a question of talent and intent.  We can create all of the new institutions we want, and elect as many Millennials as we can to office, but as the years march on, all that will be for naught - or at least not much beyond the status quo - if these new leaders do not embrace new ideas for organizing, new policy solutions, and a radically different conception of the relationship between the governing and the governed.

I don't have a brilliant ending to sum up this rambling piece.  This is an open ended essay, and its a conversation I think we should continue to have.  I'm wondering what everyone else thinks -- about the Long March, and how we can continue to speed it up; about direct action and how we can move the debate and stop some really bad stuff from happening while we're still a generation out of power.  

And if anyone can help me put numbers to some of the metrics I listed above, that would be much appreciated.



Display:


Your posts on this subject tempt me... (none / 0)

But I'm 500 pages into my own book, and not inclined to give much away.

Not even evidence for why you should believe me.

But I'll tell you this.

1. While signs of what's to come are already out there, the sense of a dramatic change should begin about 2009.  

2. Yes, it is a time to organize, but not around the topics of the '60s.  Providing security to the middle classes is the focus --- think FDR.  It's a time for an expansion of what unions are and the services they provide their members, and a time for universal health care, but not for gay rights, abortion, and helping out only the poor.


by catherineD on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 03:13:04 PM EST

Book (none / 0)

Will your book also be about progressive youth politics?


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 03:15:49 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Book (none / 0)

It will be about historical trends.  What we can expect of the next hundred years based on the past 500 or so.  It doesn't focus on the age of the people who are participating in the trend, unlike Strauss and Howe, though there is a generational aspect to it.

It provides information about what to expect people to care about in coming decades.  It can be a tool for progressive youth ...or a tool for religious fanatics (of which there will be many).  I am of the opinion that progressives tend to be better-read, so I am hopeful that it will help progressives to see the dangers and opportunities of the coming years and to inspire them to organize to make sure that what occurs will resemble more the policies of FDR than of Hitler.


by catherineD on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 04:20:48 PM EST

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

Great post, Mike.

On a local perspective, I see this in Philly:

Our blog is local, so, we don't have any big shots.  But, what we do have are now 8 front page contributors, all from 29 to 22 years old, all committed to our little neck of the woods, and a reasonably big readership to go with it (like 35k per week in blogads numbers).

And, we have a 25 year old State Rep, Tony Payton, to boot.


Progressive Philadelphia Politics: Young Philly Politics
by DanielUA on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 04:43:07 PM EST

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

Strauss sees a big difference among millennials on social issues, such as gay rights - more accepted by younger folks and abortion.  How do you see Millennials changing the framing of major issues?


by howardpark on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 04:59:14 PM EST

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

Hi Howard.  Sorry we haven't had a chance to touch base yet.

I'm not quite sure I"m following you.  Strauss sees a more conservative streak among Millennials on a few cultural issues - notably dealing with sex and sexuality, but future surveys don't necessarily support that.  Rather, some newer data by the New Politics Institute indicates that these views change depending on which type of Millennial you talk to.  Some are more conservative, others not so.  And (correct me if I'm wrong), but younger voters came out against efforts to ban abortion and ban gay marriages during the last elections . . . so I'm not sure that Strauss and Howe's conclusions are necessarily correct.  Or at least they are not translating into the public policy sphere as we might think.  After all, this is also the most diverse generation America has ever seen and they've grown up in pretty affluent times.  Equality and Meritocracy and pretty big themes in their lives.

From the NPI study:


Teen Millennials (13-17 years old) seem to be strikingly shaped by coming of age politically in an "age of terror." Their political identifications are still significantly unformed: about half have no clear party identification or ideological connection and those who do are about evenly divided among Republicans, Democrats, and Independents and liberals/progressives, conservatives and moderates. They are particularly concerned with "security" issues such as crime and terrorism and cannot be easily pigeonholed in their political attitudes. On some issue clusters (controlling terrorism and crime and "social" issues such as abortion and same sex marriage they seem to lean "conservative" and on others (government economic intervention, educational policy, and environmental protection) they tilt "liberal/progressive." At this point, unlike other Millennial subgroups, they tend to be relatively skeptical about the political process, but they are generally more confident than other groups about how they will fare in the future, especially economically.

Transitional Millennials (18-22 years old) and Cusp Millennials (23-28 years old) started their political awareness during the Clinton years. While their political identifications are still not fully formed, the greatest number in both groups tend toward a Democratic party identification and a liberal/progressive ideological orientation, the Transitional Millennials more than the Cusp Millennials. These two older Millennial groups, especially the Transitional Millennials, are more likely than any others to hold opinions considered to be "liberal" or "progressive" across virtually all issue clusters: economic intervention, environmental protection, security, crime, education, and social issues. Finally, these two Millennial groups tend to have relatively positive and optimistic perceptions of the political process and their economic futures.

On the whole, though, it is difficult to say.  Lots of folks use the phrase "team players" to describe my generation (I'm a cusp Millennial, at 28 - though Strauss and Howe would probably categorize me as the last remnant of Gen X).  Combined with our volunteerism rates, 9/11, and Katrina, I could see a return to a framework in which Millennials support a positive role for government in our lives and a return to a greater sense of the idea of the Public Sphere (in civics and in culture).

It's a great question, and something I'm just starting to wrassle with.


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 05:20:17 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Represent: Transitional Millenials (none / 0)

   That's me.  Those in the cohort who turn 22 this year have the highest recorded rate of Democratic self-identification ever recorded.  Cynicism is surprisingly low among my peers.


Jim Oberweis
by cilerder86 on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 09:11:56 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

This is interesting about Millennial social views and one reason I no longer take Strauss and Howe as gospel on all points even though I believe their generational breakdown is essentially correct.  I may be wrong here but S&H's views on social issues, from what I've seen, tend to skew conservative.  Not on all things - they aren't religious right people at all, but socially conservative in the sense that they seem to want to re-impose social conformity (especially on issues like attitudes toward drinking and marijuana, musical tastes, youth rebellion...) and see the Millennials as the way this will happen.  At least they seem to apply their view that Millennials are a follower generation eager to follow the leadership of Baby Boomers on moral crusades, and use this to graft their own personal views as a couple of Boomers onto the Millennial Generation.  Hope I'm making sense here, and if I'm misreading Strauss & Howe please let me know too.


by Old Yeller on Tue Feb 20, 2007 at 07:05:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

Interesting.  I don't know enough about Strauss and Howe's political views to make a comment either way. And I've only read this one work, so I can't comment on whether or not its a pattern either.

I will say that a lot of what you are saying comes through in their analysis in "Millennials Rising."  Whether its their own project or based in fact is another matter entirely.  The book is slightly out of date though - it predates 9/11 and Katrina, and I think that Strauss and Howe really missed the mark culturally. They're pointing at Boy Bands and Bubble Gum pop as cultural indicators to back up what you are saying, but the truth is that culture is really taking more of a turn towards the participatory - creative, original remixing. It's a group project in the sense that it implicitly recognizes ideas such as the commons and public sphere, but it's hardly conformist.  I'd argue that it is the opposite of conformist.


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Tue Feb 20, 2007 at 11:34:24 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

"Millennials Rising"'s citation of boy bands isn't the first time one of their books dated itself fast because they jumped the gun on identifying cultural markers.

"Generations" defined the 13th Generation as a new slacker, new lost generation, but the book came out before grunge and before the Douglas Coupland novel "Generation X", and Strauss & Howe pointed to such things as hair metal, crack, Crips and Bloods, and Miami Vice as cultural markers.  Oops!  Then came "13th Gen:Abort, Ignore, Retry, Fail?", which came out before the Internet became hot property, and pointed to zines, "McJobs" at Kinko's, and computer BBS's as cultural markers, right down to the badly dated MS-DOS reference in the book's subtitle.

Seems to be a common pattern with Strauss & Howe.


by Old Yeller on Tue Feb 20, 2007 at 01:56:26 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Local Blog (none / 0)

That is awesome, Dan.  Of course you guys are definitely on my radar (user account #30), and it's been amazing watching the success you've head infiltrating Philly politics.

When I was writing the section about netroots strength, I wondered about the local blogospheres.  As the place where it is still easiest to "break-in" and make a name for yourself, it seems like an obvious place to look for the influence of millennials.


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 05:01:11 PM EST

Re: Local Blog (none / 0)

I agree- the bar is a lot lower for what you have to do to start to make an impact when you do it locally.  And, I think it builds on itself, because people feel empowered when, for example, Mayoral candidates come on line to talk about their agenda.

Interesting to me is that the writers we have are not the writers that are in the national blogosphere, at least generally.  In fact, I think Alex and I may be the only ones who even reads DKos or MyDD.  In other words, it is not a local version of Kos, it is a word that only sometimes overlaps.  I wonder, given the lower bar, if there is a difference in age demographic between local blogs and national ones.


Progressive Philadelphia Politics: Young Philly Politics
by DanielUA on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 05:08:12 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Local Blog (none / 0)

Also, I think when you are local, and you can come off-line every once in a while to drink beer together, it makes it easier to get more young people involved.


Progressive Philadelphia Politics: Young Philly Politics
by DanielUA on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 05:21:08 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Local Blog (none / 0)

Interesting to me is that the writers we have are not the writers that are in the national blogosphere, at least generally.  In fact, I think Alex and I may be the only ones who even reads DKos or MyDD.  In other words, it is not a local version of Kos, it is a word that only sometimes overlaps.  I wonder, given the lower bar, if there is a difference in age demographic between local blogs and national ones.

That is really interesting.  And probably worth the attention of blogads next survey, or maybe even an NPI whitepaper.


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 05:21:47 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

Most of the orgs you mentioned were not created by the millenial generation.


by Matt Stoller on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 08:19:02 PM EST

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

I said created by or run for (meaning for the benefit of). I should have also added that they are currently run by - to a large extent - Millennials.

Millennial is a slippery term.  For some demographers it extends all the way to those born in  1977.  


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 08:29:57 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

A number are:

Living Liberally Family, Do More Than Vote, Oregon Bus Project, Music for America, The League, Students for a New American Politics...

That doesn't include candidate or election-centric youth organizations which have a more ephemeral lifecycle but are often authentically germinated by actual young people.

Maybe you don't think people in their late 20s are Millennials. I'd say it can probably go either way, but there's a real gap between Generation X and what came after. I know attitudinally I feel closer to most 24 year olds than 31 year olds I meet.


Me | My Work | Future Majority
by Josh Koenig on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 08:55:39 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

Maybe you don't think people in their late 20s are Millennials. I'd say it can probably go either way, but there's a real gap between Generation X and what came after. I know attitudinally I feel closer to most 24 year olds than 31 year olds I meet.

This is a good point.  I tend to subscribe to the view of Millennials espoused by the New Politics Institute studies (with Cusp Millennials, Transitional Millennials and Teen Millennials) rather than relying fully on Strauss and Howe, who are much more rigid about defining it a cutoff in the 80s.  

The perfect example is Iara Peng, the founder of Young People For.  She's 30 years old - technically not a Millennial, yet clearly what she is doing is building power for our generation, and , occupying that gap between X and Millennial, I'd  be more inclined to throw her into the Millennial camp.

That said, its a slippery slope, and it's something I should be careful about in the book and in future blogs.


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 09:08:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

Living Liberally Family, Do More Than Vote, Oregon Bus Project, The League - All of them created by people older than 28, which is as Connery says the hard edge of the millenials.


by Matt Stoller on Mon Feb 19, 2007 at 11:58:17 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

I'll quibble.  Remember that in my post I said created by or for - the key point was that they were building positions of power for Millennials.

Living Liberally Family - Justin and David are my age, which puts them right on the edge.  The whole org is infused with cusp millennials at its  highest level.  

Do More Than Vote- George Stern is 19 years old, and if I'm not mistaken, DMTV came out of the Living Liberally crowd

Oregon Bus Project - Jefferson is not a Millennial, but a  lot of his staff fits into the cusp category, and a lot of their work (PolitiCorps) focuses on engaging younger people.

The League - Again, Billy may not be a Millennial, but Millennials occupy positions of power in that group,and the whole purpose of the League is to build political power for Millennials, particularly those of color.

And as I said in my last comment, its something to be more careful about in the future, but I think Josh has a point about the generation gap between Xers and Millennials.  Those on the edges tend to bleed into one or the other of the generations based more on temperament and experience than anything else.  And the case could certainly be made that those who are getting involved and creating new orgs probably fit more into the Millennial category than into that of an apathetic Xer.


Youth to Power
by Mike Connery on Tue Feb 20, 2007 at 06:52:24 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The Long March (of Millennials) (none / 0)

All of those were also created by many people younger than 28 as well.

Even if you took a very limited view of who "creates" an organization, it's more than one person per organization. I listed those above because the balance of power in their foundation lay with Millennials.

OTOH, if you follow the money, all this shit is funded by Boomers, so...


Me | My Work | Future Majority
by Josh Koenig on Tue Feb 20, 2007 at 10:55:22 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Regarding blog readership (none / 0)

When blogs first hit the big time (2001-2002) the oldest Millenials were still in high school.  

Thinking back to my own high school years in the early 80s that was an age when few of my cohorts cared much about politics.  There was "I like Reagan" or "I like Mondale" when an election came around but very few who followed politics closely.

So political blog readership began as a Generation X phenomenon, with some Baby Boomers too.  Blogs despite their decentralized, low barrier-to-entry nature were still at first a top-down means of communication where one blogger posted their opinion and others read it and could post a comment or link to the post from their own blogs.

One thing I've noticed about Millennials is they are a very social networking oriented generation.  They grew up plugged in to the Internet, cell phones, and later text messaging.  To Boomer and Gen X political activists these things were thought of as "new media" along with, for example, talk radio, cable TV, and (before the Internet made them obsolete) zines and fax networks.  To Millennials they are things they grew up with and they don't particularly see them as new or novel.

In terms of the Internet, Millennial preferences tend heavily toward social networking sites.  MySpace, Livejournal, Facebook.  The most successful blogs are those which have successfully made the jump from being blogs to being de facto social networking sites: Daily Kos, MyDD...and in that sense we have the lead over the Republican blogs which are still dominated by top-down blogs (Instapundit) or websites which still look and act as "new media" (Drudge, Free Republic) and haven't changed much at all since the late 90s.  But even so, Millennial political activism has largely taken place under the radar on purely social networking sites.  I would suggest that 15% figure is low not because Millennials aren't active on the Net but because they are active elsewhere than on blogs.


by Old Yeller on Tue Feb 20, 2007 at 06:48:27 AM EST


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