I have been reading some of the interesting discussing taking place of late on the generic ballot at
Political Arthmetik and
Fruits and Nuts. I can't possibly summarize all of the great information to be found on those two blogs here, but I hav learned some important lessons:
- 1. Even in a tidal year, the party favored by the landslide can still lose some seats. In 1994, Republicans took 58 seats from Democrats. Somewhat less known is that Democrats actually took four seats from Republicans that same year! So, we could win a bunch of seats, and still see a small number of our incumbents go down. Worth noting.
- 2. House campaigns, and even 1994-type realignments, are generally far less nationalized than understood. In 1992, Democrats won 46 seats with 55% of the vote or less. In 1994, when the national popular vote for the House shifted seven points in favor of Republicans, Democrats actually only lost 22 of those 46 seats. It was not a straight, national shift roughly equal across all districts--in other words, Republican gains were not equal across the nation. As I have documented in the past, it was basically Republicans completing the long, slow transition from the southern realignment of 1968-1972. If we have big gains, they probably won't come equally either. It will be district to district or, if it is a realignment, it will come from specific demographics that are concentrated in a few areas. It probably will not be not nationwide.
- 3. Democrats have consistently performed better in the generic ballot than in the final vote. Disturbingly, in all but three of the last thirty congressional elections (going back to 1946), Democrats have actually performed better in the final generic ballot than they performed in the final national vote total. While that is not a good omen, it does not mean that it is a lock that Democrats will perform worse from the final generic ballot to the final vote totals. Also, I still firmly believe that our excellent recruiting this year will help reverse that trend (that, and I'd also wager large sums of money that Democrats are going to turn out at higher rates than Republicans this year).
- 4. Doing well in the popular vote total helps, but does not guarantee, big gains in the House. This was possibly the most disturbing lesson of all to take from these two posts. It seems pretty clear that doing better in the national popular vote results in taking more seats (duh), but it is not a guarantee that even a very large popular vote win (up to 6%) will result in a large majority in the House of Representatives. The gains are going to have to come where they count the most in order for Democrats to take over. Fortunately, the only information we have on the most competitive races indicates that Democrats are indeed making significant gains where they count the most. As of last month, in the only poll of its kind, Democrats were up 49-45 in the forty most competitive Republican held seats, as compared to down 58-40 in 2004. Numbers like that forecast a very high chance of taking over the House of Representatives, but not with a very large majority.
Basically, these two posts have made me far more skeptical of generic ballot polls
than I was in the past. Clearly, given the problems with the generic ballot polls, right now the only truly informative polls on the House of Representatives will come from individual districts, or from surveys that only take the fifty or so most competitive districts as their universe of voters (ala
the NPR study from last month). What I wouldn't give to have a daily tracking poll of the generic ballot in those fifty districts starting the day after Labor Day and going all the way through the election. It will be nice to see us ahead in national generic ballot polls, but it won't guarantee anything. Oh, my kingdom for better House race polling. The more I learn about polling, the less I realize available polling can actually tell me.
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