"New" African-American Leadership

Tom Grayman is a pollster, the publisher of the political website The Intelligence Squad, and is author of the book Ghosts of Florida: Making Elections Fair for Blacks.

It seems that every couple of years there are a spate of articles in the world of political journalism -- particularly mainstream political journalism -- declaring a wave of "new" black leaders, or a "next generation" of black leaders.

These stories typically go on to profile a collection of recently-elected or aspiring would-be elected officials who are either Republicans or relatively centrist Democrats -- hence the "new"-ness.

Current icons of the moment include Barack Obama and Harold Ford (both of whom I'll get to in later posts), state-wide candidates like Michael Steele and Lynn Swann, and Newark mayoral candidate Corey Booker.

Next month New Jersey's largest city will elect Booker its first new mayor in 20 years. Due to his nearly-succesful attempt four years ago to topple long-time incumbent Sharpe James, Booker instantly became the favorite when James bowed out of the contest a couple of weeks ago.

What makes Booker so attractive to the mainstream media are his Ivy League education and his alleged new approaches to the problems particular to African-Americans. When you read any profile of Booker, however, or hear him speak, it becomes clear that there is not that much which is new about his perspective on government's role in the lives of black Americans -- or all Americans. What all the hoopla seems to come down to is that he supports educational vouchers for private schools (a topic I'll address in a later post). That's pretty much it.

What's really "new" about Booker with respect to other black politicians are his marketing skills. First, upon returning from Yale Law School, Booker, who grew up in an all-white suburban neighborhood, moved into one of the city's worst housing projects. This act strikes most blacks as a fairly meaningless stunt, but helped garner a fair amount of publicity for the young Booker. Second, for his fudraising activities he courted not the money men of Newark (there are almost none), nor of the (very) wealthy nearby suburbs in New Jersey. No, instead, Booker has has been raking it in from the stock brokers of Wall Street and the professional class of Manhattan.

This has been the source of considerable consternation from outlets like Black Commentator, and not unreasonably so. When black candidates and elected officials start turning in significant degrees to sources of support in which African-Americans have so little representation or influence, it makes many blacks nervous over where, exactly, the candidate's priorities will lie should he get elected.

More troubling, in my mind, than his support of vouchers is that he chose to announce said support in a speech before the Manhattan Institute, a conservative New York think tank that, for example, had spent considerable energy trying to make excuses for the cops that had famously gunned-down the black New Yorker Amadou Diallo in a fusilade of 41 shots. The Manhattan Institute, to be clear, has few friends in the black community.

From Wall Street power brokers to conservative think tanks to the mainstream (as in non-African-American) media, Booker's biggest boosters do not seem to have any roots in the black community, or even the local New Jersey community, despite the fact that he is looking to govern a city that is almost 60% black.

This makes more than a few of us uncomfortable. Perhaps this is a lot of worrying over nothing. Perhaps Booker will prove to do the right thing by his constituents once in office. But blacks, particularly in Newark, are right to wonder about this latest example of the alleged "new" wave of black leaders. Where exactly do they want to lead us?

Are you listening Harold?



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Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

When I watch Booker, my suspicion of Ivy ambition kicks in very quickly.  I feel like Booker knows how to push the buttons of liberal whites to garner kewl attention and support.  He was profiled in 2001 or 2002 in the Economist as the 'new' face of black politics, and it was very Joe Klein-esque.  My guess is that Booker lost in 2002 because he wasn't seen as 'local', and people assumed he would run for bigger office rather than following through on a commitment to Newark.

At the same time, James is immensely and obviously corrupt, though you can tell that he just loved being the Mayor of Newark.

The NJ press is such a cynical bunch, it's difficult to really get the story from outside, though there are now Newark blogs.  Booker might do a great job, and it's good there's a change.  Newark is a remarkably beautiful city.


by Matt Stoller on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 04:15:21 PM EST

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

Rereading this comment, I think maybe I'm unfair here.  Booker has shown remarkable tenacity.


by Matt Stoller on Fri Apr 14, 2006 at 12:17:49 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

When I watch Booker, my suspicion of Ivy ambition

Hey, watch it!

My guess is that Booker lost in 2002 because he wasn't seen as 'local', and people assumed he would run for bigger office rather than following through on a commitment to Newark.

Did you watch Street Fight or read any of the coverage of the James-Booker election? Or are you just going to keep guessing as to why candidates win and lose? Here's the Washington Monthly on Booker, in a piece on Barack Obama.

Then Booker lost. His opponent, incumbent Newark mayor Sharpe James told newspapers and television during the campaign that he didn't believe Booker was black enough to be mayor of Newark, and the incumbent's campaign was accused of spreading rumors that Booker was Jewish. (Flyers appeared in Newark's wards depicting the Rhodes scholar with a stretched, Semitic nose). A veteran machine pol, James also worked his base to the bone, cornering the union endorsements and playing up his generous patronage in a city where government is the biggest employer. He effectively portrayed Booker as too brainy, too earnest, and too babe-in-the-woods to play political hardball in a place like Newark--a figment of some white guy's dream, not a guy you could count on when the bus drivers threatened to strike. Booker lost by 3,000 votes, out of 53,000 cast.

I'll freely admit that white liberals have a conception of what African-American candidates should "act like" that is pretty patronizing, but sheesh.


by niq on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 05:11:16 PM EST

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

I watched Street Fight, spent time in Newark, and worked in NJ politics.


by Matt Stoller on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 11:23:00 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

I'm from TN and I can't wait to see your post on Harold Ford, Jr. I think he's a great candidate and has a real shot at picking up Frist's senate seat, but much of the progressive blogosphere seems to be down on him. I'm interested to hear your thoughts. I think he's a great candidate who has a real shot at winning a big race for the Dems in the South.


by Richie on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 05:13:04 PM EST

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

It's not the progressive blogs. Its anyone who has looked at his record.


by bruh21 on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 05:15:46 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Ford's record... (none / 0)

...I looked at just a short while ago.

Burnishing his credentials with corporations and social conservatives very much a feature...


by skeptic06 on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 05:21:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Ford's record... (none / 0)

I believe he's playing a strategy similar to black Republicans. "Appear more conservative than the conservatives." He's just applying it to the Democratic side of the aisle. Most who support him come up with the argument "he's the best that we can get in that district." Which is, of course, a lie- it's the best we can get if the person is using the position to run for higher office in the state. And, even then, I am not convinced of the argument- because it assumes people, despite what they say, will be color blind and not notice Ford is black. No matter what he does to impress them. It makes some of suspect stands therefore less smart.


by bruh21 on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 05:25:25 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

I think my concern with your definitions is how you are defining leadership and where you are looking. My friend attended recently an event to support a black guy running for Congress. She pointed out to me that this guy, of the older variant of black leadership, simply didn't know how to talk to her, a black professional in her late 30s. I found what she said to be true of most politicians- not just blacks. And, there in lies the issue. Are we talking about black leadership, or just leadership? What she wanted to here incidentally was not his 100 percent agreement with her values. She's a conservative leaning Democrat. She wanted to hear that he would "go to bat" and would say what needed to be said. Here, that would be called a fighting Democrat. She also felt that he didn't understand the economics. We all know the problems that exist. We just question whether summits and marches are the answer versus bringing capital into the community. Which, by the way, is maybe why Mr. Booker was talking to talking to some of the people he talked to. I can't speak for him or know his mind- I just think we got to as a group- think outside of our political comfort zone and nostalgia. Think about it this way- all of the black leadership and their accomplishments that people continue to talk about are nearly at the end of their lives or did what they did 30 years ago. Their struggle was political- ours is economic. That core difference is important to understand when trying to find leadership.


by bruh21 on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 05:22:06 PM EST

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

My thing with Booker is not that I don't feel he doesn't know how to appeal to black voters. It's that he seems to be incongruously determined to make efforts at appealing to white voters who are not and can not be part of his constituency. He seems to eager to show that he can "talk to" people who ultimately should not be that important to him if his concern is the plight of the mostly-black citizens of the city of Newark.

If he had been working as hard to appeal to the business community in New Jersey, or to liberal and non-partisan think tanks, I'd back off.


by Tom Grayman on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 05:49:20 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

Hey there,

I am a longtime lurker here, and have commented only once or twice, but I did want to jump into this thread because I'm involved in the Booker campaign. I have to say, he specifically sought me out because I am so liberal (my husband works at his law firm), and -- by way of example -- as a result of his ongoing outreach to liberal groups, we were able to change his mind on school vouchers; he's since redirected his education platform and dropped the voucher idea pretty comprehensively. Rachel Maddow of AAR is a longtime friend of his, from college, and she's had a pretty big influence as well. Also -- we've done lots of outreach to the Essex County business community.

Cory's main interest in "talking to" people/groups outside of Newark was his need to build up a Sharpe James-like warchest, and he wasn't going to out-Sharpe Sharpe. I was reluctant to get involved at first, because his '02 platform was antithetical to a lot of my beliefs, but this time around, I think he's so on target about a lot of stuff. BTW, I'm not quite a Newark "insider" -- my town is a couple of miles away -- but as anyone in the northern half of Jersey will tell you, everyone in Essex County is vested in Newark, and it is completely understandable for anyone in the county to care about what happens there.

But again, Cory's campaign team made it a perogative to be much more Newark-centric this time around AND to bulk up the number of liberals on staff. That's how he got me.


by jamfan on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 06:19:56 PM EST

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (3.00 / 1)

Sounds like positive developments.

And you point to another pet issue of mine: the extent to which the money chase has screwed up campaigns. Booker shouldn't have to get in to fund-raising race with a Sharpe James in the first place. Public financing -- that's what we need. It might have kept him away from hanging out with people of such questionable (from the black Newarkan's perspective) motives in the first place.


by Tom Grayman on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 06:32:11 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

The money trail is a big issue, but frankly so is the issue of the older black leadership which no longer really wants to do anything except hold onto their position. In the case of James- his last campaign against Cory seem to essential be- I am "blacker" than he is. There are a lot in the older guard who keep using what they did years ago without any real requirement to show what are they going to do now. Essentially- we have a problem- how do we overcome their name recognition. And the only way one can do that is through money- because of the need for media penetration and trying to not be overcome by messaging that is about "well, he's not really black" because he's talking about economic development and capital, and he went to an ivy and "black folk" don't go to Ivy schools. This mentality- that the focus should be on form over substance is what hurts in communicating to my generation of AAs. I am far more moved by substance over form. I don't care where someone has went to school so long as they put forth an effective agenda and under the economic realities that a lot of people of color are facing. I am lucky in that I don't face many of these issues, but I know many who do. I guess my point is- how does one over come this "noise" factor which tends to distort the conversation into one about what "black" is if one doesn't compete on the financial end as effectively as an opponent who is already going to try to out messaage you on the "black is" question?


by bruh21 on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 09:10:09 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

In the interests of brevity, I left out a discussion of James' tactics. But you're right -- his 'you're not black enough' approach to the race was disgraceful and did nothing to advance the cause of advancing the cause of black folks.

I think the answer to your question -- how do we keep campaigns more about isues than about supeficiality when one candidate holds an overwhelming advantage in financial resources -- is to advocate for public financing of campaigns with spending limits. When candidates need to spend their funds more eficiently, they'll focus their efforts on explaining their stance on the issues and much less on trying to distort the image of their opponents.


by Tom Grayman on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 10:03:14 PM EST

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

In NJ, it's particularly bad.  Pay-to-play is how you raise money.


by Matt Stoller on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 11:24:50 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

Your solutions isn't one that people are ready to accept. The question is what can we do in the environment in which we work? I suppose one could take the Farakan position- which is "why save a burning house?" A position, despite my views of Farakan the man, that sometimes I agree with in that the systemic issues are sometimes so huge they seem insurmountable and literally are a burning out. One in which people seem to have grown tired of believing in fundamental ideas of progress and change. Which is why I fundamentally question the idea of publically financed campaigning. We have a catch 22- people are cynical so they will never focus long enough to see its merits, and vice versa, b/c they are too cynical to see its merits- it will never happen. So we have the system we have. So, without the public finance system - what do we have- what should we do? B/c this is the environment how do we begin to address the economic issues which nevertheless remain and most be address regardless of the nature of our system of financing elections?


by bruh21 on Thu Apr 13, 2006 at 11:38:43 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: "New" African-American Leadership (none / 0)

It appears these new so-called African American leaders are not there to represent African Americans.  Every other group has leadership that represents their interests.  All of a sudden it sounds like someone has decided what criteria these new leader should have and all of these individuals must not be too offensive to white people and they should have attended prominent institutions.  And - these same individuals must represent the same tired ideologies of the status quo that will not benefit African Americans in the first place.  One can then conclude these individuals are not African American leaders; they are white leaders with a tint of color.


by cdaniels225 on Fri Apr 14, 2006 at 10:56:27 AM EST


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