Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now

With more precise data on the voting patterns of nearly every neighborhood in the country and computers powerful enough to turn these data into perfectly partisan congressional districts, gerrymandering is now a science. How else could Republicans turn Florida, which is essentially an even state on the federal level, into an 18-7 advantage in the United States House or Ohio, which was also nearly even during the last Presidential election, into a 12-6 advantage in the House? And with the Republican Party now embarked on a clear policy of mid-census redistricting whereever it will extend their margin of control in the House, this trend threatens to seriously undermine America's current governmental system, making the House significantly more parliamentary in its nature.

Rep. John Tanner, a moderate Democrat from Tennessee, is now seeking to change the method of redistricting, which differs from state to state, by pushing legislation that would streamline the process and make it less partisan. As Tanner has said, the voters should be chosing their Representatives, not the Representatives choosing their voters through redistricting. The nuts and bolts of the bill are available through Tanner's website.

Under Tanner's legislation, each state would establish an independent redistricting commission of at least five members to draw that state's Congressional district map exactly once every 10 years. Majority and minority party leaders in the state legislature would appoint an even number of commissioners, who would then elect an additional commissioner to serve as the panel's chair. Commissioners could not be recently active in politics and would be ineligible to run for a U.S. House seat in the state for 10 years.

The redistricting commission would be required to consider the rights established by the Constitution and Voting Rights Act, as well as population and geography of each district but would not be allowed to consider political issues such as voting history, party affiliation or the potential impact on a sitting incumbent. The commission's report must be approved or disapproved by the Governor and the state legislature without amendment. These provisions would serve as minimum standards, but states would have the option to adopt stricter guidelines.

Tanner now has 45 co-sponsors in the House -- including two Republicans -- as well as a sponsor in the Senate. Support for the bill comes almost wholly from the right wing of the Democratic caucus in the House; the median liberal score for Democrats supporting the legislation is 60.2, according to National Journal's 2005 rankings (the median  Democrat supporting Tanner's legislation votes more liberal than only 60.2 of the House, meaning he is also more conservative than 39.8 of the House -- and thus roughly 80 percent of his fellow Democrats).

For the life of me, I cannot understand why reformist and progressive Democrats have not joined in on this legislation, unless it is because they care more about ensuring their own reelection than they do about making the system more equitable for both parties, and as a result, increase the party's chances of winning a fair number of seats in states like Florida, Ohio, Michigan and Pennsylvania. Truly, if Democrats ever want a shot at more than 220 or 225 seats in the House, and thus a managable majority in the chamber, there must be fairly drawn districts in this country.

This is a good piece of Progressive legislation (i.e. Bull Moose/Bob LaFollette/Henry Wallace reform Progressive) that the entire Democatic caucus should be supporting, making the Republicans look like the bad guys for subverting Democracy through oddly-drawn districts. Give your Representative a call and tell him or her to sign on to John Tanner's redistricting bill. Better yet, give Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi a call at (202) 225-4965, Democratic Whip Steny Hoyer a call at (202) 225-4131, and DCCC Chair Rahm Emanuel a call at (202) 225-4061 and tell them that it's time for them to embrace reform and get the Democratic Caucus behind this effort.



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Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

I think that it would be rather hard for a Californian representative to co-sponsor the bill given the redistricting proposition in the 2005 special election and I note that a lot of Californians are among the more liberal members of Congress.

I would also be curious to see how many members of the Congressional Black Caucus would endorse a plan that would probably decrease the number of majority minority districts.


Things You Don't Talk About in Polite Company: Religion, Politics, the Occasional Intersection of Both
by Anthony de Jesus on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 07:56:40 PM EST

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

It wouldn't affect minority majority districts, as they are regulated by the Voting Rights Act, which will almost certainly be renewed in the next year or two.


Blogging here @ MyDD.com. Twittering @jonathanhsinger.
by Jonathan Singer on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 07:58:10 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

Not to want to rain on anyone's parade or anything.

But, to judge from THOMAS, this bill (HR 2642) has got exactly nowhere in the ten months since it was passed to/buried by Judiciary.

Only one of the sponsors is down as having signed on this year. None of them I can identify as a member of the House Dem leadership or as a heavy hitter (I'm not terribly good on House name recognition, so I could be wrong there!).

What's Tim Johnson's game, I wonder? Perhaps, it's to throw a bone to some of his more liberal supporters. What's his record on electoral reform, I wonder?

And, why now?

In any case, I can't see either bill or anything like them being reported out.

Did Johnson's bill get assigned to a committee, or did he get it placed straight on the Calendar. If the latter, he could do some bomb-throwing by standing up on the floor and getting it called off the calendar (which by custom but not by rule is the prerogative of the Majority Leader).

What are the odds...

Quick question: if the Dems controlled both houses right now, would the Tanner bill stand a better chance of passing than now?


by skeptic06 on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 08:05:28 PM EST

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

I still don't see how this bill helps anything. You're still going to have the majority party voting for the deciding 5th vote.

And it does nothing to stop the gerrymandering of the state legislative districts. Which is what gives republicans the majorities to elect that 5th vote.

I think it's fairvote.org or something like that that had an interesting plan. The super districts would definately give dems a majority. But I'll be an old man before I see that plan come to fruition in this country (I'm 25 right now).


by adamterando on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 08:21:25 PM EST

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (3.00 / 1)

To me this is maybe the biggest issue facing Democrats today.  What's the point of pressing new ideas, new politices, a new way, etc. if you don't have a chance to win.  We talk about reform until we are blue in the face but it won't make one iota of a difference.

Republicans will do everything to ensure this bill goes nowhere.  Gerrymandering is the very reason they are in power in the first place, even more so, in my opinion, than because of weak Democratic opposition.

We have to make this a front-line issue.  We also have to start spending some real money on state legislature races, especially in light of how inexpensive they are.  

We are only a few seats away from taking the Michigan House, for example.  We spend some money on just a few obscure districts in northern Michigan, and wham, we're dancing.

Assuming we have the governorship ofcourse.  


by Eric11 on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 08:23:34 PM EST

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

Watch what you're calling obscure.

Signed,

Native of one of those obscure places.


by redstar66 on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 06:40:06 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (3.00 / 1)

What really needs to be done is to get rid of the empty states like North and South Dakota, Vermont, Montana and Wyoming.  Either join them together into one state (Dakota, Montana/Wyoming Vermont/NH or only allow them to elect one senator.


by Eli Rabett on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 08:47:43 PM EST

I'm sorry? (none / 0)

Pardon a tired line, but what is it, exactly, that you are smoking?


Tim Wolfe
by bruorton on Mon Mar 06, 2006 at 01:26:56 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

Why do so many Russian immigrants call America "The Land Of The Stupid?" I think the reason is more obvious than we would like it to be.

Any fool can plainly see that the ruling faction in any government would tend to manipulate redistricting so as to retain its own hold on power.

The only way to overcome that security hole would be to keep politicians out of the redistricting process. And the only way to do that would be to place redistricting procedures in the hands of randomly selected juries. Anything else would just be letting the foxes guard the chicken coops.


by blues on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 09:19:30 PM EST

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

The plan as stated would be an incumbent protection racket, much like the proposed California plan.  The only way to shake this up is to have the board filled with minor party affiliated representatives.  No representative from any party earning 30% or better in the two previous general elections.  That would kill off some incumbents I would think.


by Demo Dan in Dayton on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 10:51:57 PM EST

I agree, but (none / 0)

It would be hard to find anyone interested enough in politics to serve on such a committee who wasn't deeply involved with one of the major parties.

I have heard that taking partisan considerations totally out of the process might not help Dems much anyway. For instance, if you made compactness an important criterion, you'd just get more of those overwhelmingly Democratic districts in urban centers, leaving lots of lean-Republican districts around the edges of cities. kind of like what we have now in many of the states that are badly gerrymandered (OH, FL, PA).


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by desmoinesdem on Sat Mar 04, 2006 at 11:28:57 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: I agree, but (none / 0)

I think we could find some Green/Conservative/Workers/Independent Party folks that would love to make sure that the incumbency protection racket isn't perpetuated.  And on a related point, if it would be hard to find people to serve if they weren't involved with one of the two major parties, then where are we to find "non partisan" judges to serve?  I think you have to use the politicians you have, just use the ones whose interests would be more closely aligned with the peoples at this point.  Power corrupts, so down the road we may be griping about the Green Party gerrymander.


by Demo Dan in Dayton on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 01:08:01 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

Too much process.

We need a constitutional amendment requiring all congressional districts to be north south slices of the state, width determined to make the numbers equal.  Have Census Bureau plot them.

The advantages would be (1) no games, (2) transparent methodology -- public confidence, and (3) disparate constituencies within most districts.  This would favor candidates with something for all constituents.

Petition drives could be a vehicle to build support.  Probably take 20 years to get it done.  But might as well get started.  It is important.


by jwp26 on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 01:32:13 AM EST

unconstitutional (none / 0)


This is a great idea, but unfortunately it's completely unconstitutional. The Constitution says what it says about redistricting (not much). Term limits were held unconstitutional because they added an additional (extraconstitutional) requirement for service in the House or Senate. This proposal, and others like it, would add extraconstitutional requirements for the states to follow in redistricting.

This is a great idea to try at the state level, but unfortunately, it wouldn't last two minutes even in a Supreme Court more moderate than the current one.

That lives this as requiring a constitutional amendment. Yeah, that's likely!!

We need to win back state legislatures and governorships. Big surprise -- that's what we need to do for everything else too.

So, again, while I think this proposal is good policy, it's not going to fly. So let's focus on what we can do and what we need to do and not get bogged down in pointless exercises in good citizenship.


In a mountain half-way between Reno and Rome We have a machine in a plexiglass dome Which listens and looks into everyone's home. -- Theodore Seuss Geisel
by joelspolls on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 02:59:20 AM EST

Right Wing of the Caucus for a reason (none / 0)

This sounds like a bad solution to an important problem -- hell, Schwarzenegger's "unelected judges"  plan was considerably better.  You think the Majority and Minority leaders wouldn't choose commissioners who, ah, shared their thinking on how districts ought to be drawn?  This is just Party leader-led districting once removed, and only barely removed.  And god knows what sort of backroom power broker they'd get to be the 5th commissioner.  

Let's put it this way: imagine DeLay and Pelosi and Frist and Reid each choosing a commissioner.  I guessing they won't be political neophytes.  And then those four have to elect a tiebreaker?  That will devolve into incumbent protection with a limited number of swing districts in which to fight very quickly.  The Colorado map is a pretty good example: most of the districts are designed to tilt to one party, and then the 7th was designed to be a permanent battle, partly cause that's the only way to make both parties agree to the map.  The idea that DeLay's boy or Reid's boy won't be thinking of incumbents and voting patterns when they draw lines, though, is just laughable.

It's also worth noting that Tennessee is under a Democratic gerrymander, a fact of which Jim Tanner is very aware.  Ds control that delegation 5-4.  Marsha Blackburn's district in particular was drawn to protect some Ds in the Nashville area by dumping the R-laden Memphis and Nashville burbs in the same district.

What makes this plan different from the status quo is that it makes the two parties equal players in redistricting in every state.  Each party gets two of five votes and an equal say in determining the fifth.  That is actually a mild improvement, but don't think that it will lead to anything other than mostly safe districts with a handful of tossups.  It's bad reform, bad for voters and bad for a vibrant system in which parties are challenged and must respond to voters.  I'm not in the least bit surprised that the left wing of our caucus is uninterested.  We should be too.  There's better answers than this out there.


by texas dem on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 03:38:02 AM EST

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

No one knows for sure that this is unconstitutional, and the failure of the Democratic leadership to get behind this says as much about OUR cynicism (or, rather, the cynicism of our Dem leaders) as it does anything else.  Is it reasonable for incumbents to win 95% of their races for re-election?  Does this make the public more or less likely to participate, more or less likely to believe "the fix" is in?  If folks are against THIS bill, then what is their solution?  Or do they see that gerrymandering isn't a problem?


by progressive1 on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 07:49:24 AM EST

Ignore what makes voters politically similar (none / 0)

When drawing their political districts?  I think that's pretty lame, but it seems to be a theme of independent redistricting commissions.  That said, independent redistricting is clearly preferable to partisan redistricting by Republicans.

But why not try for full representation?  It would eliminate the need for any redistricting in most states, at least simplify the process in others, and elect a more representative Congress.

It'd be a big jump, and lately I've been thinking that it might be easier to start at the local level, with county commissions and city councils, to acquaint people with the process, but it'd be worth trying at least.


by Drew on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 10:44:46 AM EST

Re: Nationwide Redistricting Reform Now (none / 0)

Great comments on both sides.  But my two cents, this is one helluva an important issue.  And it needs to be acted on somehow, someway.  At least get it out there to be talked about.

Don't have the answers.  But I truly believe this is an extemely important issue.

And to those that seem to disagree.  We would be willing to hear your plan as well.


by skeeters on Sun Mar 05, 2006 at 12:32:08 PM EST


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