People-Powered Governance

For newly empowered liberal activists who entered politics in the post-9/11 era, creating and using power has been about aggregating a large enough audience to scream at the powers that be to not be incredibly unbelievably stupid and venal.  Some people have found power in manipulating Republicans through strategically releasing information, but mostly the way we've innovated has been in response to an unbelievable amount of horrible governance and politics.  And it's not like the Democratic elites have welcomed us into the tent, we've had to go around them.

But now the situation is, or soon will be, different.  We can begin to take the innovations that we've created, the new social structures, to 'crash the gate' of government.  The netroots brought certain values into the political process - a collaborative culture and a willingness to make mistakes and correct them.  We sit at the nexus between open source web culture and a bureaucratic stultified political process rife with partisan fighting, and we are a product of both.  In a lot of ways, the open source movement is a sketch of what liberal governance looks like (see the creation of Microformatting, for instance), and the netroots is what liberal politics looks like in the 21st century.  Tying these two pieces together is the task of the next political generation, of our generation.  And we're going to screw up a lot before we get it right, but hey, that's cool.  

So let's talk about what this means, in practical terms.  


  1. People-powered government: Bringing people-power into government is really critical.  Government doesn't just belong to all of us, it should be done by all of us.  This means that we have to take our civic responsibility seriously, and help our elected and appointed officials detect and correct error.  Without our collective involvement, the task of running government falls to corporate lobbyists, and that's not democracy.  
  2. Inside-outside collaboration: There are experts inside the institutions of governance, and there are citizens with expertise and passion outside of government.  There must be a channel set up to help insiders listen more effectively, and outsiders channel feedback more constructively.
  3. Open Government:  Governing bodies must be as open and transparent about their processes as possible.  There can be no good faith conversation around governing without transparency, and a lack of transparency will kill the incentive for policy-based organizing.
  4. Building a citizens base for every policy: The source of legitimacy for every use of government power is the public.  That means that as many policies and programs as possible must have a popular base of committed citizens to create a sustainable political consensus for that policy or program, as well as to investigate and correct for error and corruption.  There is an artificial divide by good government groups here, in that elections and lobbying are seen as necessarily walled off activities.  'You do politics, I do policy', or 'Here's my policy, now you sell it' are relics.  Base-building should be transparent, and becoming part of a organizing group should be accessible to all citizens.
  5. Political patron: Every people-powered government initiative should have a political patron or set of patrons to fight inside the halls of power for the project.  To make sure a project works, you need both a base of people who are organized and a political patron to push information back to that base on how to achieve policy objectives.

In other words, people-powered government works as follows.  A governing body creates an open conversation with interested citizenry, interested citizenry organize into a coherent and universally accessible groups, and political insiders form an alliance with this group to ensure that it is satisfied with progress.

The Congressional Committee Project is the first attempt I've seen to really move into People-Powered government with a democratic majority.

What am I missing?  What principles make sense here, and which don't?  Are there other projects you're seeing that are relevant in terms of how they are operating?

UPDATE: How could I forget the unbelievable work that Blue Mass Group is doing in Massachusetts to help Deval Patrick govern? The blog is helping document the transition. David Kravitz of Bluemass Group is even in charge of the Civic Engagement Committee. (hat tip DC Dave)



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Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

People powered government is very overrated.  What can people do better than machines.  I'll tell you.  Nothing!

Arnold Schwarzenegger
http://www.arnoldspeaks.com


by arnoldschwarzenegger on Thu Dec 21, 2006 at 03:37:57 PM EST

Initiative, referendum, and recall. (none / 0)

Government doesn't get much more "people-powered" than allowing the people the propose and pass legislation themselves.


by Drew on Thu Dec 21, 2006 at 03:45:07 PM EST

Re: Initiative, referendum, and recall. (none / 0)

In fact I would argue that direct democracy is incredibly disempowering, since it values the ability of elite interests to manipulate media coverage than the sustained work of interested and involved citizens.


by Matt Stoller on Thu Dec 21, 2006 at 04:00:14 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Whatever. (none / 0)

I'd like to say I'm surprised, but I'm really not.  

I know you like to use rhetoric like "elite," but let's be honest, here: there's little more "elitist" than what you've proposed.  In your "people-powered"  government, the people have no real power at all.  If a politician refuses your "help" when you want to "detect and correct error," what can you do?  Nothing.  If a politician refuses to "listen more effectively," what can you do?  Again, nothing.  If you can't find a "political patron" for your project, what can you do?  As usual, nothing.  No patron, no power.  

Really, "patron-powered" would be a better description of that government.

In contrast, under direct democracy, the people do not need a patron.  They can go directly to their neighbors if they want to propose or enact a law.  There is no government more "people-powered" than that.

As for "the ability of elite interests to manipulate media coverage" - they always have that ability, and it influences both direct and indirect democracy.

As for "the sustained work of interested and involved citizens" - that's a perfect description of the work required to pass an initiative.


by Drew on Sat Dec 23, 2006 at 07:32:38 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Initiative, referendum, and recall. (3.00 / 1)

Actually, the initiative process, at least in CA is a train wreck with no transparency and no deliberation, which has actually demoralized voters and allowed wealthy individuals to completely hijack the system.


by jsw on Fri Dec 22, 2006 at 12:35:17 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

1. Referendums dilute the concept of a republican democracy: sending professional politicians to engage in what they do best - negotiate and compromise over technical and legally-intensive legislation. Referendums also cater to the passions of the moment. One could say the same about legislatures, and to some extent that's true, but legislatures provide one layer of protection from 'tyranny by the majority.'

2. Matt, what you mentioned above is happening right now in Massachusetts, where Governor-Elect Deval Patrick has formed 15 groups of 200 community, business, political, and grassroots leaders to get public input for the issues challenging the Commonwealth during his transition to office. Bluemassgroup.com, a fellow progressive  blog, covers this movement on a daily basis. In fact, one of its editors - David Kravitz - is in charge of the "Civic Engagement" transition group.


by DCDavid on Thu Dec 21, 2006 at 04:10:01 PM EST

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

Great idea, and quite practical as an organizing tool.  The more engaged people are, the more outraged they get.  There's nothing like taking a conservative mom through the school funding cycle to turn her into a liberal -- if you've got the right mentoring chops.

Another dynamic of "immersed citizenship" is that it helps fuel the electoral fires, by supporting useful, issue-based connections during that long Novemberless period.  I'm not just waiting to walk my precinct; I'm making friends who also enjoy pissing the mayor off about recycling at every monthly borough meeting!


by miriamsong on Thu Dec 21, 2006 at 06:22:37 PM EST

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

Matt,

I like the general concept.

But your plan does not have sufficient mechanisms to be practical, in my view.

First, to make legislative (and rule-making) activities more transparent, there must be a public deliberative process.  For example, we should push for procedural rules requiring at least 2 weeks notice between publication of a finally, fully amended bill, and a final vote.  This would permit time for public review, comment, and pressure on pols before a vote.  Currently, there are numerous mechanisms that make the final bill (the nature of the "choice" imposed upon the pols) a matter of ambush.  Forcing pols to make awkward choices is a means of control.

Second, to make legislative activity more transparent, we need to create meaningful political parties.  One role of the party structure should be to publish specific bills that the party advocates, and make those bills publlic (and open to comment) and the position of pols within the party public.  This would force the caucus to resolve conflicting views in advance, and would open up a role for the public (including bloggers) in shaping proposals.

Third, we need a more organized effort to review and catalogue what Congress is doing, day to day.  I think a consortium of universities should pool resources to develop a "year abroad in DC" for college juniors, who would investigate, analyze, and create non-partisan websites.  This effort would create a fount of information available to bloggers of all viewpoints.

Fourth, the Kos committee watch idea is a neat concept, but in practice, the Kos crowd has no inside info.  As an interim measure, blogger volunteers need to build partnerships with established liberal lobby groups -- who can get inside info.


by jwp26 on Fri Dec 22, 2006 at 12:37:03 AM EST

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

I'm not sure I agree with what you're proposing vis-a-vis notice and comment requirements for legislation and rule-making. Notice-and-comment already applies to rule-making. (See 5 U.S.C. 553, http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/u scode05/usc_sec_05_00000553----000-.html )

Most periods between NPRM (notice of proposed rulemaking) and publication of final rules are about 60-90 days, but no less than 30. The regulatory agencies are subject to a legislative scheme, the Administrative Procedures Act, which was erected in the 1940's. Regulatory agencies, as the "headless fourth branch" of government, are not comprised of elected officials. As such, these officials may not be voted out of office, and so any action they take has to be reasonable and within the scope of Congress' delegated authority. The APA and the body of administrative and judicial decisions review agency conduct as either meriting "deference," in light of any ambiguity or silence from Congress, or as "arbitrary and capricious," and thus stricken down, if such action is unreasonable or outside of Congressional authority.

Congress, on the other hand, is held accountable at the polls, and as such is not subject to judicial oversight (unconstitutional acts notwithstanding) for unreasonable or "arbitrary and capricious" conduct. The APA does not apply to Congress, and there's no way that it could. No court would take up a case where, say, Congress breached a notice-and-comment requirement. SUch meddling by the courts in Congress' legislative functions would be a serious breach of separation of powers.


by DCDavid on Fri Dec 22, 2006 at 01:14:03 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

I am not suggesting a legal requirement.  I am suggesting a change in Congressional rules, and Congressional culture.

Right now, we get legislation by ambush.  Pols are purposefully required to make awkward choices to coerce them.  For example, policy riders on appropriations.  But there are numerous more subtle examples.

The final shape of the choices is often purposefully hidden from the public until the last minute -- to prevent public pressure that would change some deal the insiders have fashioned.

The culture of Capitol Hill is that the public should not be involved in their deal-making.  And the public will be spun later with PR.

It will take years to change the culture.  The debate here is only how we can make first steps.

The very first step is to recognize what we are up against.  We have a long way to go there.  The level of sophistocation in the comments so far is not particularly high.  But that is to be expected.  No one talks in any detail about what happens on Capitol Hill.  There is a culture of Omerta.  Talk, and you will be ostracized.


by jwp26 on Fri Dec 22, 2006 at 01:32:35 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

But how will the congressional rule be enforced? If it's up to congress itself, I'm not sure they will want to abide by a rule that ties their hands (i.e. limits their ability to pass laws quickly or adds to their workload).

I think with a Democratic congress, we'll see more openness, more involvement with public interest groups, and less legislation that's passed in the middle of the night. The culture change that you speak of is not institutionally stubborn; it depends on whichever party is in control, and whether that party has been kept in line. For example, riders on appropriations - earmarks - will now be frozen for a year. That would have seemed unthinkable 2 months ago. Now if this congress becomes ossified in a decade's time, another wave of new politicians (from either party, but most likely the opposite party) will replace them.

I think what we're doing is the right thing. By being active in the blogosphere, we're getting the clout to keep Congress in check. And that's all that matters. Personally, I don't mind if they adopt their own internal rules or not, as long as come election time we can keep them honest.
That's why this "experiment" in democracy has prevailed for 200+ years. It's not perfect, but it works. (Incidentally, the Preamble to the Constitution - which says "in order to form a more perfect union" - implies that we can never be a perfect union. Interesting, no?).


by DCDavid on Fri Dec 22, 2006 at 01:55:09 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

As one who knows the Congressional Committees Project fairly well, all I can say is watch out for what you wish for...You might find that it happens!  There is finally, real power in the blogsphere, and it is endorsed by elected officials.

Good things are about to happen.  I promise.


Pride & Prejudice...The American Way!
by FISG on Fri Dec 22, 2006 at 01:49:09 AM EST

Re: People-Powered Governance (none / 0)

Here's a radical idea I want to share on the topic of people-powered governance. Let's use the Internet and the grassroots revolt that was reflected in the 2006 elections to radically shift the point of origin of policy formation and legislative oversight away from politicians and political parties to self-organizing groups of citizens at the grassroots.

Here's where I got this idea. On a cold winter evening in early 2004, I attended a meetup for Howard Dean in Northern Virginia with a couple dozen people I had never met before. As we sat around waiting for him to teleconference with us and other meetups around the country to get his message out (namely that we have the power), I got to thinking about what we could be doing other than sitting around waiting.

It occurred to me that since thousands of us had used the Internet and Dean's website to find out about the meetups, we could also be using them to initiate our own policy agendas, individually and collectively, and forward them up the line via our home computers so they could influence Dean's platform. When he lost the primary and I switched my support to Kerry, I had the same idea when I attended a Meetup for Kerry.

With the Internet, we can move towards 21st century forms of electronic democracy. Citizens at the grassroots can use the Internet to build self-organizing political action networks that create their own political agendas and run their own candidates for office on their own platforms rather than passively subscribe to those of the major political parties.  

I wondered how we could do that in small, self-constituted, self-organizing groups. Two years later, the ideas I came up with have become the mission of a website I launched last September, Citizens' Winning Hands (you can see a prototype at www.CitizensWinningHands.net). It provides political action tools and services that citizens and voters can use free of charge to set their policy agendas and build winning voting blocs that elect representatives who will enact their agendas into law.

My ideas are still in formation and I invite feedback, input and collaboration from all interested parties. Whether Citizens' Winning Hands by itself or in combination with other initiatives can play an instrumental role here remains to be seen. The need and technology for online people-powered governance, however, is beyond doubt.


Nancy Bordier is the founder of Citizens' Winning Hands (www.citizenswinninghands.net)
by Nancy Bordier on Fri Dec 22, 2006 at 06:54:51 PM EST


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