2000 US Senate Elections

I was trying to remember the 2000 US Senate elections, and decided to go google them up. What I really wanted was some election eve polling info, but charts of those have really come into happening with only this and the '04 elections.

Here's some of what I looked at:  Stuart Rothenberg's '00 Senate analysis; there's the Cook Report's '00 Senate call; and the listing of Congressional Quarterly's No Clear Favorites; a CNN day before CW analysis.

In 2000, Republicans held a 54-46 advantage going into the election, with 19 of the 34 seats being contested. About a month out from the election, the toss-ups were in Delaware, Florida, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York and Virginia.

In Delaware, Bill Roth, the Republican incumbent sought a sixth term.  His Democratic opponent was Governor Tom Carper. The two were in a statistical tie in the polls a month out, and Carper had a high single-digit lead by the election. CQ called the race  with NCF, RC said it was a toss-up, and Carper won in a 56-44 blowout.

In Florida, Republican Congressman Bill McCollum and Democratic State Insurance Commissioner Bill Nelson fought to replace retiring Republican Connie Mack. Nelson had a month out lead of 10 percent, and that Nelson lead stayed at 5-10 points up to the election, with GOP polling showing the race even. CQ called the race lean Dem, RC said it was a toss-up, and Nelson won by 5 perccent, 51-46.

In Michigan, Republican Spencer Abraham was challenged by Democratic challenger Congresswoman Debbie Stabenow. Late polling showed Abraham had an early setback, then recovered with an 8-10 point lead going into November, that closed to a low single-digit lead by election eve. Abraham failed to poll above the 50 percent mark, and CQ called the race with NCF and RC said it was a toss-up. Stabenow was the victor by a 50-48 margin.

In Minnesota, Republican Rod Grams Democratic challenger was department store heir Mark Dayton. A month out, Dayton had a 14 percent lead, and late polling showed Dayton still with a clear lead, CQ called the race lean Dem, RC said it was a toss-up, and Dayton won by a 49-43 margin.

In Missouri, Senator John Ashcroft's Democratic challenger was the late Governor Mel Carnahan, who died less than a month before the election. Ashcroft led by 2 percent a month out, but by election eve, it was even or Carnahan with a slim lead. CQ called the race NCF, RC said it was a lean Republican, and Ashcroft was defeated by 51-48 percent.

In New York, First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton was running for the seat being vacated by retiring Democrat Daniel Patrick Moynihan, against the Republican challenger Congressman Rick Lazio. A month out, a state poll showed Clinton with a 4-point lead. By mid October, Clinton led by 7-14 percent, though Zogby said Lazio led 43-42 percent in late October; Rothenberg thought Clinton had a slight edge, and by election day, Cook had Clinton up 7-8 percent. CQ had the race pegged at NCF, RC said it was a toss-up, with Clinton breezing to a 55-43 blowout.

In Virginia, Democrat Charles Robb's Republican opponent was former Governor George Allen. A month out, Allen had an 8-point lead, despite the DSCC outspending the NRSC 2:1. On election eve, Cook nailed it, saying "Republicans effectively have to beat Robb to insure that they retain their majority." In late polling, Allen continued to lead; CQ called the race with NCF, RC said it was a toss-up, and Allen won by a 52-48 margin.  

A few other races popped up on the radar in the last month. Those were Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Washington.

In Montana, Republican Conrad Burns' Democratic opponent was rancher Brian Schweitzer.  Burns had a 9 point lead a month out. Schweitzer closed the gap going into election day, with the contest becoming NCF according to CQ, RC said it was a lean Republican, and Burns winning on election day by 51-47 percent.

In Nebraska's open seat, the contest was between Democratic former Governor Ben Nelson and Republican Nebraska State
Attorney General Don Stenberg. Nelson has a 20-point lead a month out, but with effective negative advertising, the lead closed quickly. Cook remained with a "favored" outlook for Nelson, and CQ called the race lean Dem, so did RC, but Nelson won by a slim 51-49 margin.

In New Jersey, the open-seat race was between Republican Congressman Bob Franks and businessman Jon Corzine. A month out, Corzine has a 14-point lead. With Bob Shrum's help, Corzine blew the lead by spending $50M on television (that's ~$7.5M for Shrum). The race was polled at within single digits on election eve, CQ called the race lean Dem, RC said it was a toss-up, and Corzine was the 50-47 percent victor.  

In Pennsylvania, Republican incumbent Rick Santorum was challenged by Democratic Congressman Ron Klink.  Santorum had an 11-point lead a month out with one third undecided. Polling closer to the election showed Santorum still with a clear lead, and the race wasn't considered close by election day. CQ rated the race Republican favored, though Santorum won by just a 52-46 margin.

In Washington, Republican Slade Gorton's Democratic opponent was Internet executive and former Congresswoman Maria Cantwell. With the mid Sept primary, polling was late on the race. The race was quickly rated as neck and neck. CQ rated it as NCF, RC said it was a toss-up, and Cantwell won in a 49-49-2 recount.

So, that was how I reconstructed it, adding significantly to my memory of the elections six years ago, and have a few notes.

First, there is just not much to go on in terms of public polling. I'm sure there more public polls than I note above, but they are not easily found.

Second, some races were blown by Roll Call and Congressional Quarterly. I'm thinking of New York, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, and Delaware for both operations. Roll Call also mis-called it with Minnesota, Montana, Rhode Island, and were wrong with Missouri. CQ also mis-called New Jersey, and Florida.  

Third, that maybe there's a correlation between the first and second point-- that with less public polling, the guessing game was harder.

Maybe we have enough polling done now, that CQ's and Pollster are right, and it's very clear that it's down to just 4 toss-up seats with 9 days to go to the election. Still, I expect some surprises.



Display:


Bob Shrum (3.00 / 1)

I did not know Corzine spent that much. By the way who is Bob Shrum helping this time? I have not seen him mentioned in the press in awhile.

<With Bob Shrum's help, Corzine blew the lead by spending <$50M on television (that's $7.5M for Shrum). </p>

BlueSunbelt.Com Netroots for the Sunbelt states robwire.com My personal blog
by robliberal on Sat Oct 28, 2006 at 11:49:35 PM EST

Re: Bob Shrum (none / 0)

It is equally possible that Shrum and the cash saved Corzine. You don't know what might have been, and neither do I.

The reason Shrum makes the big dollars is that a couple dozen U.S. Senators believe they owe their jobs to him. They don't give a rat's ass whether he got the money or the television stations did. They are in the Senate and not a single netroots candidate is.

Beat Holy Joe
Beat him bad


by stevehigh on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 10:59:29 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Bob Shrum (none / 0)

Corzine spent upwards of $60Million on his 2000 Senate race.  It's true that the more he spent the closer the race got.  Franks was able to frame that election as Corzine trying to "buy" the Senate seat.  Corzine mostly used his personal wealth, which led to his slogan of "Unbought and unbossed."

He secured victory in the primary over former governor Jim Florio, who was defeated by Christie Whitman in 1993 after passing a massive tax increase, by picking up voters in limos and doing other fancy tricks.


by MyDD Fan on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 12:23:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Bob Shrum (none / 0)

"Unbought and unbossed" was first--or at least earlier--used by Rep. Shirley Chisholm in her longshot 1972 presidential bid.  Franks didn't come up with it.


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 04:01:29 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Bob Shrum (3.00 / 0)

Actually, Sandwich Repairman, there is an earlier mention of it--an African-American alderman in Chicago named William Cousins, who ran in 1967 on the slogan "Unbossed, Unbought and Unbowed."  

It's likely Chisholm knew Cousins or knew of him.  He was one of the most honorable people in Chicago politics and eventually became an Appellate Court Judge in IL.


by rayspace on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 06:56:10 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Bob Shrum (none / 0)

Interesting!  I knew it didn't just come from 2000.


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 07:54:44 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Bob Shrum (none / 0)

I wasn't insinuating that Corzine (not Franks) developed the slogan.  But his self-funding led to his campaign using it.  It was Corzine's campaign that said "unbought and unbossed," I'm sure others used it before.


by MyDD Fan on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 10:52:53 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Bob Shrum (none / 0)

Hell, in 1988 Herb Kohl used "nobody's senator but yours".


by Sandwich Repairman on Tue Oct 31, 2006 at 02:51:51 AM EST
[ Parent ]

The 2000 NJ race is very surprising (none / 0)

It didn't know it was that close. In a blue state too? Bob Menendez has to get his act together. I'm not so sure the Democratic leanings of NJ is enough to save him as some folks casually say. Polling seems to close for comfort.

NJ is a must for us to hold on to.


by rosebowl on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 12:10:35 AM EST

Re: The 2000 NJ race is very surprising (none / 0)

I remember it quite vividly. Corzine was blowing Franks out of the water until the last month or so, when Franks suddenly came roaring back out of nowhere. It seemed like the more money Corzine threw at the TV, the more Franks caught up. Given a couple more weeks, Franks might've beaten Corzine.


by PsiFighter37 on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 12:46:52 AM EST
[ Parent ]

I remember it well also (none / 0)

I've mentioned Corzine's close margin in that race many times on various sites, when posters try to claim the Democrat always gains ground in the final month in New Jersey, and exceeds his poll margin. That is majority true but one glaring example the other way.

This may seem silly, but I was always a bit worried about that race being closer than expected since Corzine has so much facial hair. It's been a trend that men with mustaches fall below their poll numbers in statewide races. That's one of the reasons I'm not as concerned in Maryland, since Steele sports a prominent mustache. Jimmy The Greek Snyder bet heavily on Truman over Dewey in '48 under the theory women weren't thrilled with mustaches and wouldn't vote for a man with one, even if it was subconscious.

It's held up recently and I remember 2002 was a blatant example, the mustached nominees in every major gov or senate race falling below the poll number and losing the race. I remember some of them were Kirk in Texas, Strickland in Colorado, and I believe the Kansas and Wyoming gov races. Two Democrats and two Republicans failing so it was a bipartisan hairy flop. Corzine did exceed his poll number in 2005. So maybe that trend has gone the way of the incumbent rule:)

The difference between 2000 and today, obviously, is the Republican GOTV effort. Rove may have been in charge of Bush's campaign but the GOTV was comparatively primitive. The week after that election on Crossfire I remember Robert Novak assaulting the Republican senate effort in terms of GOTV. He said it was a disastrous cycle fof the Republicans in the senate and blamed it on the Democratic union ground game swamping the GOP, saying the Republican senate committee basically sent out postcards and little else.


by Gary Kilbride on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 01:26:19 AM EST
[ Parent ]

GOP GOTV (none / 0)

is better some places than others. Its particularly effective in states with lots of suburban megachurches. New Jersey isn't such a state.


by Ben P on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 01:50:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

That was the year I called the Senate races particularly well.

I had Schweitzer winning in MT and Carnahan losing in Missouri. I called all the others correctly. And my mistakes balanced each other out.


Rrrinnggg... Time to change the government.
by Carl Nyberg on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 12:22:52 AM EST

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

Me too, I got all the races in the Senate correct that year-- haven't come anywhere near close since.


by Jerome Armstrong on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 10:57:41 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (3.00 / 2)

This is a really good, relevant, and helpful analysis.  What strikes me is how those of us working on campaigns/elections in DC at the time had slightly different CW than what's represented here.  Carper always had the edge over Roth (there was a clear age/generational dynamic there), Bill Nelson was always considered a favorite over Bill McCollum, and I was always more concerned with MO and WA than NY where I had little doubt Clinton would win.  Santorum should've been more vulnerable, but Klink pretty clearly benefitted from heavy Gore and Democratic GOTV efforts in PA.  He was left with little money after the three-way primary and never recovered.

The MO race got short shrift all cycle because of the media's drooling over Hillary.  Until Mel Carnahan tragically died, and all prognosticating rules flew out the window.  After the crash, CQ shifted the race every week--first to Republican Favored, then to Likely Republican, then to Lean Republican, and finally No Clear Favorite--as new Gov. Roger Wilson (D) announced he'd appoint Jean Carnahan to the seat if Mel won, then Jean announced she'd accept the appointment, and the Carnahan campaign waged a massive, unprecedented, and very successful "I'm Still with Mel" campaign.  (something MN Dems were unable to replicate in 2002 when Paul Wellstone died because unlike MO law, MN law requires the name taken off the ballot and replaced with a new nominee, although in a quirk of the law, absentee votes cast for Wellstone did not get credited to Mondale)  Carnahan's campaign managed to send letters or buttons to fully 1 out of every 5 Missourians over one weekend.

Similarly, there were lots of indications that Slade Gorton was vulnerable, but they went mostly ignored.  He'd only been reelected narrowly against African-American King County Executive Ron Sims in the 1994 Republican tidal wave, and WA was already trending Democratic.  In the September primary, Democrats Deborah Senn and Maria Cantwell together got more votes than Gorton.  In open primaries, that's a pretty reliable predictor of what will happen in the general.

Grams was clearly a dead man walking most of the year, and Stabenow did fall briefly and slightly behind Abraham before lots of groups like EMILY's List, NARAL, and the AFL-CIO spent heavily, and along with Gore campaign efforts in the state, put her just over the top in the end.  We knew both MT and VA would be close; unfortunately we narrowly lost both.  I worked the polls for Robb all day in Fairfax County.

Although it's the same cycle of seats up for election this year as in 2000, there are a some important differences.  This is a midterm year rather than a presidential one.  Turnout is bound to be not only lower, but more skewed in favor of the party out of power.  Congress' approval ratings are at their lowest levels since 1994 or earlier.  The Democratic advantage on the generic ballot is at its best since 1982 or earlier.  We have a major advantage in the reported excitement of our voters about casting their ballots this year.  Independents are breaking very clearly--2:1 in some polls--in our favor.  While 2000 was about electing a new president, this one is a referendum on Bush when his approval ratings are historically low--worse than Clinton's in 1994.

One thing I take from the 2000 election cycle is that we were SO close to taking the House, virtually all the focus and speculation was there.  Only a couple of random peeps were heard at the very end about the possibility of Democrats capturing the Senate.  Yet on Election Day, we gained only 2-3 House seats (we lost some Dems no one thought were in danger, and failed to pick up a bunch of seats we should have) and 4 Senate seats, putting it at 50-50.  This year, as always it seems, much more focus has been on the House than the Senate.  And again, I think that really misses the boat.  In the past 50 years, control of the House has changed once: in 1994.  On the other hand, Senate control has switched 5 times: 1980, 1986, 1994, 2000/01, and 2002.  Not since 1910, before direct election of senators, has the House changed without the Senate doing the same.  The Senate is the more volatile chamber.

Gary has a point on facial hair that should not be underestimated.  Except for the period when Wellstone had a beard and then a goatee, Corzine was the only member of the Senate with facial hair.  Now there are none.  We haven't had a president with facial hair since Taft (1909-13).  The truth is that in the TV era--maybe even in the radio era!--facial hair is a definite disadvantage.  I have no historical data on flat-top haircuts.  ;)


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 01:16:49 AM EST

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

I think Wellstone shaved off his facial hair during the '02 campaign, once Coleman was competitive. So it was probably an issue he was aware of.

I was posting on DU at the time and mentioned the theory regarding the Strickland/Allard race.  A woman from Colorado replied that herself and many of her friends had speculated that Strickland could win if he "got rid of the damn mustache."

It's also the reason I rooted for Cardin over Mfume in the Maryland primary. A Mfume/Steele matchup would have been dueling mustaches,


by Gary Kilbride on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 07:48:42 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

Wellstone finally went clean-shaven at the beginning of 2002, reportedly at the grudging behest of his wife and daughter.

Didn't realize Strickland had a mustache.  I think former OR Gov. John Kitzhaber has one too, despite being very popular.  He could beat Gordon Smith if he ran, which I'm skeptical of.  

I can't see Strickland running against Allard a 3rd time.  With the Democratic ascendancy in Colorado, I'd think there has to be another strong Dem who could be recruited to challenge Allard in 08.  Udall?  Webb?  My knowledge of CO is limited.

I like both Cardin and Mfume but very quietly, internally rooted for Cardin only because he polled better against Steele.


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 08:10:01 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

Udall has been running for Allard's seat probably since 2004.


by johnny longtorso on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 12:38:16 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

Great!!  Have you seen any poll numbers on a Udall-Allard race?  I'd think he'd make a strong statewide candidate, but again, my knowledge of CO is limited.


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 04:04:14 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

Don't forget that until about February 02, Pawlenty was running for Senate and Coleman for Governor (as he did in 98).  It was Cheney leaning HARD on Pawlenty hours before his announcement that persuaded him to get out of the Senate race to make room for Coleman.  A lot of MN Republicans were pissed at the White House's meddling in their primary affairs, but I think as the campaign geared up that gave way to their uniting hatred for Wellstone.  I don't think Pawlenty, then a state rep, ever posed the threat Coleman did.


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 08:14:33 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

In 2006 the close races are MT, MD, MO, NJ, TN, VA. I believe we will win MT, MD, MO, NJ, VA. As far as TN goes Ford has run a good campaign and Corker is a  doltz. The question is TN ready for a Dem senator who is also black?


by ab initio on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 01:18:48 AM EST

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (3.00 / 1)

Burns seems to be catching up a bit, but my hunch is that he'll still lose.  It seems like MD's elections may end up closer than we/I thought, but I think O'Malley and Cardin will still win.  It's harder for me to imagine Steele winning than Ehrlich getting reelected.

MO, NJ, TN, and VA are all too close to call right now.  I have inexplicable gut feelings (biases?) that McCaskill and Menendez have the edge in their respective races.  Though I have to say, Talent runs deft, tight campaigns and does not make mistakes or have a speck of dirt to be aired.  He's as hard right as Ashcroft, but he's an even more formidable opponent.  I think McCaskill has also run a very shrewd campaign this year though, and even if MO leans a little toward Republicans, that lean may be too small to overcome this year's Democratic wave.  The stem cell and minimum wage initiatives (which PBS' NOW did a good show on last night), as well as the invalidating of MO's draconian voter ID law, could put McCaskill over the top.  NJ is just a Democratic state in a Democratic year.  I wish Corzine had appointed the black woman state senator he was rumored to be considering instead, but I see a lot of New Jerseyans holding their noses (something New Jerseyans have to do a lot of) and voting for Menendez.

TN and VA I can't make heads or tails of at this point.  I'm hoping the turnout disparity elects Ford and Webb.

Let's not forget that in a major wave, we win AZ.  And in an extreme wave, we win NV.


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 01:34:32 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

I agree with a lot of this about what will happen this year.  I agree we will hang on in MD and MT.  "All things being equal" I think we will split MO, VA, TN and NJ.  I am still a big believer in the "incumbent rule," which leads me to believe that IF we get a fair vote in MO, talent will lose.  Both his last approval ratings and his polling all have him in the mid 40s, really bad territory for an incumbent, especially in such an anti-incumbent environment.  However, there has been some anecdotal evidence that MO has voting machine "issues," so who knows.  I think we win VA for much of the same reason.  Allen's favorables were at 47 when last polled, slightly better then Talent's, but still pretty low, and this is about where he has been polling lately.  I think there will be a wave to Webb in the end.  Again, I am a little concerned about the issue discussed here a few days ago about Webb's last name not being printed in the voter summary in 3 no. Va counties, but hopefully that will make little to know difference.  I think Ford will lose, frankly because of racism.  I think Menendez will lose too, despite NJ being blue and this being a Democratic wave.  The Kean family I think have had a reputation for moderation and "cleanliness," which will give them an edge there.

I think we have a "good" chance in Arizona.  It is just the type of election that a wave brings in.  I agree with Sanwhich repairman about NV too; if there is a major wave, Carter will win.


Andy Katz
by Andy Katz on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 09:05:51 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

I'm not too worried about the MO vote being fair.  The Sec of State there is Robin Carnahan, Mel's daughter.  And I don't think MO has the history of shenanigans like OH or FL.

You have some good points about Kean.  I hope, and part of me thinks it's quite possible, that no Democratic incumbent loses.  A la 1994 for Republicans.  Kean would break that.


by Sandwich Repairman on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 04:08:34 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

If I were to point toward some surprises on the Dems side, it'd be in AZ, where Kyl has fallen below 50% in a couple of recent polls. Pederson being able to self-fund means he can ride it at the end with the right issue/message/ad.


by Jerome Armstrong on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 10:59:03 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

Ford ran a great campaign until the last month when it really mattered.


NJ Hussein Independent
by NJIndependent on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 08:55:40 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

I thought he was pretty effective recently, he had no choice but to either sit back and get framed, or go on the counter-offensive; same as Webb now. MO and MT have been clean comparatively.


by Jerome Armstrong on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 11:00:32 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: 2000 US Senate Elections (none / 0)

Ford, IMO, has responded really well to the racist swiftboating. The RNC was really targeting the Christian religious vote with those votes. Rather than run away from those attacks Ford has used the attacks to counter-attack with a message directly targeted at the evangelical vote - affirming his faith and anti-gay bonafides and nailing the Repubs for distortion and desperation.

This year I am impressed with the Dem candidates who have responded aggressively with ridicule when swiftboated. Webb's response to Allen's desperation swiftboating was just great. Allowed him to contrast his Vietnam service while Allen was hanging out at a dude ranch. Ridicule is such an amazing way to handle these personal character attacks.


by ab initio on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 12:34:06 PM EST
[ Parent ]

2000 US Senate Elections - DE (none / 0)

Roth-Carper had an unusual event late in the race. Roth fell repeatedly (2-3 times) while campaigning; at least one time was while he was on camera. The campaign attempted to brush it off as a minor illness, which seemed to work the first time, but completely turned the mood against Roth the second time; there was a feeling that he was too old and/or sick to continue. Found reference: http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0 011/08/bn.20.html Search for the word "fell"; it's about 1/2 way down.
by Zimbel on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 07:07:42 AM EST

2006 Surprise (none / 0)

If there's going to be a surprise in this year's Senate election cycle, it could be Arizona where Pederson has (sshhh) very quietly cut Kyl's lead to mid single digits. Throw in a huge Latino population that is incensed with Kyl's immigration stance, the coattails of Napolitano, the blue wave, and Pederson's self-funding abilities and this is going to be a hell of a lot closer than everyone thinks.


by AC4508 on Sun Oct 29, 2006 at 09:40:02 PM EST


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