Exurbs Growing Rapidly, Sort Of

In another blow to Democrats, Republican-leaning exurban counties are growing rapidly. Well, not really, but the definition what is exurban is broadening to the point where the exurbs now significantly outnumber the suburbs. As Ruy Teixeira notes:
I have now obtained a categorization of every county in the US on the basis of NCEC's original criteria and have conducted some analysis using their categories. (Note: they appear to have modified their criteria slightly since their original criteria were elaborated, but I do not have access to these modified criteria.) This analysis produces some interesting results which further underscore, I think, the need for much more careful and selective use of the term "exurban".

1. By NCEC's definition, 581 counties in the US are exurban and just 131 are suburban.

2. By NCEC's definition, 29 percent of the US poplation lives in exurbia and just 19 percent in suburbia (!). (If you've got a geographer friend, tell that one to him/her to get a good laugh.)

3. NCEC's exurban counties provided 31 percent of the vote in 2004, 2 points over their population share of 29 percent. Note that these counties provided 30 percent of the vote in both 2000 and 1996, so the exurban share of the vote, even under NCEC's peculiar definition, is increasing very slowly, not rapidly.

4. Once you adjust the increase in votes in these counties for population increase (see my earlier post on this subject), their adjusted rise in turnout in 2004 was actually less than in rural, suburban and urban counties, as defined by NCEC.

What is actually taking place in the exurbs rather than exponential growth is something far more worrying and all too common. A Republican definition / talking point used to describe a demographic where conservatives are gaining has been readily adopted by the media, thanks to the Republican Noise Machine, and then greatly expanded to include as many people as possible no matter how poorly the definition applies outside of its original use. This serves two purposes. First, while supplementing the "mandate" narrative, it paints a national picture of a still growing Republican majority. Second, and more disturbingly, by dominating the national discussion over changing political demographics, these talking points serves as propagandistic frames that allow large numbers of people to think of themselves as naturally Republican, no matter what their current voting tendencies may actually be. We all know that people who live in exurbs tend to vote Republican, so if Republicans can convince as many people as possible that they live in exurbs than they are one step closer to becoming the "natural" governing party both now and in the future. We saw this take place with "security moms," a Luntz frame that first laid its eggs inside the brains of, and then whose offspring eventually crawled out the mouth of, nearly every talking head during the election campaign. By dominating the way people think of themselves in relation to the national political demographic narrative, through terms like "exurbs" and "security moms," Republicans are controlling the contemporary and future political narratives in this country.

My question is, where are our talking points about the rising generation of Democrats, considering that we dominated the under 30 vote? Generation Progress, or something to that effect.



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That's our Bush. (none / 0)

Reminds me of the GOP initiative to re-classify Food Service workers as manufacturing jobs and the FDA doing ketchup as a vegetable, along with frozen french fries.  Next thing, an oil derrick will be considered an Eviromental Protection device.  

I think it is time to convince the Freepers to boycott Skittles, since they obviously promote the gay agenda with their rainbow motiff.  Let's get Fawell and Bush condemning this pro-gay candy.  

by yitbos96bb on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 01:45:16 PM EST

Re: That's our Bush. (none / 0)

We're not even going to mention the moral dangers of green M&M's...
by wayward on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 02:43:34 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Anti-developer rhetoric (none / 0)

I think your analysis is right on. But I also think the definition of exurb as opposed to suburban can be turned to our advantage. In classic NIMBY fashion, those in exurbs are some of the most anti-development people out there (I think--I could be talking out of my rearend). In a lot of localities, an anti-developer stance has actually proven very effective, even against the tons of developer money that it produces.

So let everyone move to the exurbs (even if only categorically rather than geographically). But once they do, let's turn them all into raging anti-development people. It'll take a bit of time, but eventually we'll win the townships, then the counties, then the states.

by emptywheel on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 02:19:40 PM EST

Re: Anti-developer rhetoric (none / 0)

Not in these exurbs. The people are far more anti-Government than anti-developer.

Exurban counties in SC and other Red States are big on "property rights". You can build whatever you want, where ever you want as long as I can keep my broken down cars in my front yard.

Winding country roads get overcrowded with subdivisions. Wren High School in Powdersville, SC is well known for having kids getting killed in car accidents when they can't negotiate the crowded and inadequate roads. Yet people keep building and they keep fighting any increase in gas taxes that would help improve the roads, and they keep buying gas guzzling SUV's and light trucks that make the problem worse.

My wife and I both grew up in exurban (and very RED) counties in SC. After spending a considerable amount of time in both areas, I can say without a doubt that on average, white, middle-class, red-state, exurbanites are truly the dumbest people in America.

by wayward on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 02:39:52 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Anti-developer rhetoric (none / 0)

Let me clarify:

People from the more rural side of exurban counties want to keep the broken down cars in their yard.

People from the more suburban side of the counties want to be able to build their McMansion wherever they want it.

by wayward on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 02:42:24 PM EST
[ Parent ]

I don't think... (3.00 / 1)

...that people vote based on how demographers tell them they should vote.  If more areas become classified as "exurb", or if the existing exurbs become more populated, it follows that the exurban voting profile will begin to look more balanced between left and right.

Just because the noise machine calls them all conservative will not make it so.

They aren't just growing exurbanites in pods, you know.  They're coming from the suburbs and the "urbs" as well.  And many already have their voting patterns well established.

by howie14 on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 02:31:07 PM EST

Re: I don't think... (3.00 / 1)

Not necessarily.

From what I have seen, there are the people who embrace the diversity and attitude of the city and those who flee from it.

This is to a large degree the divide between red and blue. "Retro vs. Metro", if you will.

Those who embrace it live in more urban neighborhoods, while those who flee from it tend to live in the suburbs/exurbs.

by wayward on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 03:55:56 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: I don't think... (none / 0)

I moved from Baltimore City to what is now called an exurb over twenty years ago.  I didn't vote differently based on my new residence.  Yes, my little exurb now votes overwhelmingly GOP, but I still suspect that as it becomes more populated the breakdown will narrow.  

I agree that many people who initially move from urb/suburb to exurb are the traditional "white flighters" (even if they aren't actually white), my only point is that calling more areas "exurb"  isn't going to change the way people in those areas vote.  There seems to be a fear in some liberal corners that the exurban designation itself creates conservative viewpoints.

If we declare the entire nation exurban, the exurban vote breakdown becomes 51-48.

by howie14 on Wed Jan 05, 2005 at 08:22:20 AM EST
[ Parent ]

The whole exurban thing is a myth (none / 0)

Growth in geographic areas doesn't indicate anything other than growth.  People don't change parties just because they moved somewhere.  If exurban areas are growing, but have tended in the past to be Republican, chances are they are becoming more democratic over time.  It's B.S.  I don't know we even waste time on it.
by descrates on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 03:24:02 PM EST

Re: The whole exurban thing is a myth (none / 0)

The exurban thing is somewhat a myth, but I think it's more that people are getting the cause and the effect mixed up.  People don't move to the exurbs and then become Republicans because of where they live.  People who identify with Republican values move to exurban areas so that they can avoid the problems facing urban areas.  Republican policies on property rights particularly play well in exurban areas.
by Tom on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 07:06:22 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: The whole exurban thing is a myth (none / 0)

Good explanation.

But its still a myth.

by descrates on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 07:20:19 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Not in Washington (none / 0)

In my state (Washington) we're actually taking over the suburbs. In November we took control of the state Senate. We now control both houses of the legislature, and (at least for the present!) the governor's seat. The reason we have the Legislature is because we took suburban districts away from Republicans.

Democrats can win the suburbs. They have to figure out a winning strategy state by state. If we can win in Washington, Montana, and Colorado, we can win anywhere.

Permanent Defense

Visit Pacific Northwest Portal, the region's premier news source
by nwprogressive on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 03:36:11 PM EST

Re: Not in Washington (none / 0)

Suburbs are different from exurbs.  Suburbs tend to be closer in to the central city; exurban residents tend to face a very long commute if they work in the central city.
by Tom on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 07:04:08 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Running from Civilization (none / 0)

When America was a frontier, many people went to it to escape the social decay and degredation of Europe and similar places in the Old World. Many "Red" Americans look at American urban areas as places of degredation and decay and want their children to have nothing to do with it. If these "exurbans" own homes and work, they probably don't like all the taxes they pay. Property tax is killing people, but they accept it because of a housing bubble.

My ardent wish is for people to actually buckle-down and make civilization work, not run from it like rats on a sinking ship.

The author brought up the notion of "Generation Progress". I can't speak for all of us, but they see the strategy of putting the costs of our unsustainable culture onto the future means putting the costs onto us. Thanks, W.

by Paul Goodman on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 05:02:56 PM EST

Our Talking Points (none / 0)

My question is, where are our talking points about the rising generation of Democrats, considering that we dominated the under 30 vote? Generation Progress, or something to that effect.

I'm convinced (and I've argued here before) that best source of unified Reform Democrat talking points would be you, Jerome, and your friends at BlogPac to start coming up with them every day.  Myddacs would happily take your direction when it comes to daily emailing and so forth.  Then from there you build the coalition right out of the blogosphere, via our many small points of influence with Democratic activists large and small.

by conchis on Tue Jan 04, 2005 at 11:12:05 PM EST

You are Now Entering the Twilight Zone (none / 0)

...great image about Luntz laying his "Species"-esque eggs in female brains.

This is all a myth, but it's based around a kernel of truth. What the Republicans call "exurbs" are usually just the last suburb in a larger conurbation. It's the the Loundon County if you live in Virginia or Henderson if you live near Las Vegas.   Because they are the farthest out, you get a mix of people that live there. Some are people who just like their suburbs quiet and rural and in some cases are retired. They don't have a commute and don't give a rip.

The other common exurb population is...newly married  couples looking for cheap housing. The reason Bush won these "exurbs" convincingly is that young married women who are not college education have become "security moms". But women with a college education or better overwhelmingly went Kerry. Why? Because most women who have a college degree marry LATER and they make MORE MONEY. They have kids later too. So while exurbs are packed with people who are looking for jobs and cheap housing for people who got married before 25...the hordes of late marriers are about to "hatch". The ensuing correction will debunk this exurban myth...but since the GOP is going to invent new rhetoric for '08 anyway...no one will notice.

by risenmessiah on Wed Jan 05, 2005 at 04:58:21 AM EST

Re: You are Now Entering the Twilight Zone (none / 0)

If what you say is true, then why hasn't the Democratic Party reached young married couples without a college education?

They should be part of the Democratic base.

by wayward on Wed Jan 05, 2005 at 10:35:10 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Chicken or egg? (none / 0)

The same influences that cause young women to pursue children or pursue career, religion and feminism, probably stay with them in the voting booth. My question to you is what state are you from? In "Red" country, the exurbs are packed and stacked with conservatives, not just "republicans". Its huge. The life events of marriage and home ownership, to say nothing of the responsibilities of children and dealing with public slave schools tend to shift people's views to the right. To think that all of a sudden these people will "hatch" into left-leaning voters is pure folly, but perhaps it is different in the blue states.
by Paul Goodman on Wed Jan 05, 2005 at 12:00:36 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Chicken or egg? (none / 0)

I think you're on to something.

I am from the great state of South Carolina, the state that invented secession. (Unofficial Motto: Thank God for Mississippi.)

Around here, (white) conservatives move to the exurbs. They like big houses, big yards, and no city taxes. (SC's annexation laws make it almost impossible for city limits to expand.) (White) liberals tend to prefer older neighborhoods in the cities. African-Americans tend to have their own neighborhoods and suburban areas.

In this red state, family and children are seen as a woman's primary occupation. I recently recieved the local right-wing rag (delivered free to my door!) and it contained several editorials saying that good Christian women should stay at home and homeschool there children. Implicit in these articles (all written by men, might I add) is that a woman is useless without a husband and children. They never mentioned anything about single mothers, including widows, who would have an impossible task of providing for their family while staying at home and homeschooling their kids. (One article on stay-at-home moms WAS written by a woman, but focused on the good of the children, not theological or "family values" reasons. She also addressed this specifically to women who wanted to work, not to those who needed to work.)

Granted, this is an extreme viewpoint, but the basic ideas are very pervasive. People will always marry young, especially if they happen to find their soulmate at a young age. However, around here it is almost expected for people to be married by their mid-twenties, and certainly by age 30.

These views are reinforced by the large number of evangelical "mega-churches" in the exurbs. (Cities tend to have more mainline denominations) These Churches preach a basic theology, traditional values, and a simple, easy to understand black and white worldview that can be easily digested. They are NOT fundamentalists, although they are often mistakenly lumped in with them and may share many common features.

Conservative politicians have been successful in winning this group over by pitching their ideas in a way that logically fits in with this worldview, whether or not it is truly Christian. The liberal viewpoint has not been cast in a way that connects with these people, often times being gray (or black!) when the people want white. Political conservativism then becomes intertwined with faith. The connection between conservative politics and this particular theological worldview can be seen in the fact that too few people in these Churches realize that GWB was not our first "born again" President, but Jimmy Carter was. It can also be seen in the tendency of these voters to vote on percieved "character" and "values", despite solid facts to the contrary.

John Kerry was the worst candidate ever when it came to this group. Fairly or not, he came across as indecisive and out of touch. (He had ONE POSITION on the Iraq War: Maybe.) A gray man like Kerry held no appeal to these black-white people.

Can the Democrats ever win this group? Not without fundamentally changing the debate. War and peace must be reframed as a moral issue. Tolerance must be reframed as a moral issue. Health Care for all must become the new "pro-life" litus test. Corporate corruption should replace personal moral corruption as the outrage de jour.

This is a rather rambling post, so forgive me. My point is that the Democrats can win (or at least NOT get blown out) in these areas while not playing Republican-lite.

by wayward on Wed Jan 05, 2005 at 01:26:56 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Chicken or egg? (none / 0)

Neither. Here's the LONG ANSWER.

In the 1990s, many "exurbs" came into being because there was a period of mergers and acquisitions followed by market deregulation. Many companies that heretofore had workers split up evenly across the US started to consolidate them. These companies range from Bank of America to Southwestern Bell (now SBC).   These companies proceeded to note that wages were much higher (in the early 90s) in the states that we now think of as Blue and they were way lower in the states that are now Red. So probably at least a million workers found themselves moving to Colorado, Arizona, North Carolina, Texas, and Florida to follow these jobs. And they are still moving to Denver, Charlotte, Phoenix, etc. to take the jobs that growing urban areas need that don't necessarily require a college education. But that isn't the reason that these people vote for Bush, rather it is the reason why exurbs are filled who they are.

What I was saying is that many people who are in the process of settling down who are more educated will also find themselves in the exurbs because of  cheap housing and balance them out.

The reason that non-college education people tend to vote for Bush is that colleges are filled with people from other countries and where they can actually read books which school boards are afraid to have. People in the "Red States" aren't willfully ignorant...they just do not have exposure to the entire picture due to a culture of pride and naivete.

I happen to live in California. Even worse, I live in Los Angeles County. People think our state is "liberal". Boy are they wrong. Los Angeles County used to be full of Republicans, and even worse Orange County used to be 80% Republican. They used to have a Congressmen in northern Orange County called Bob Dornan. When "B-1 Bob" first lost his district he claimed the election was rigged. Now he couldn't win a race in any congressional district in northern Orange County. They are fast becoming all Democrats. South county is solidly Republican, but they are anti-growth...so you can see what that engenders.

But the bottom line is this: "exurbs" was just a quirk...the Republican figured out that it was fertile ground to go...went there and everyone was like "ooh ahh". Same deal with "soccer moms". Carville would have you think that "soccer moms" require an application process and membership dues because they are so unique. Exurbs might play a factor in '08 but trust me, Rove is already thinking of something else.

FYI: Hillary is betting on immigration as the new black...I am not convinced.

by risenmessiah on Wed Jan 05, 2005 at 09:16:03 PM EST
[ Parent ]


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