Competing Definitions of Freedom

I'm "for" freedom. I'm sure you're "for" freedom. We know George W. Bush is "for" freedom. So are the freepers. Geez, Al Qaeda is probably "for" freedom, or at least they would say they are. I don't really think there are many people in the world who aren't "for" freedom and they're even fewer who "hate freedom." But what KIND of freedom are we talking about? Freedom undefined becomes a meaningless talking point. And this, ultimately, I think gets to the bottom of our trouble as liberals as coming up with a "bumper sticker" definition of our positions - while conservatives generally understand what they mean when they say they are "for" freedom, liberals do much less. When liberals better understand what it exactly they endorse when they say they are "for" freedom, the "elevator pitch" will come much easier.

Conservatives tend to view freedom primarily - if not exclusively - through an economic lens. Freedom is the ability to transact freely in the marketplace. This, for them, is essentially coterminous with the "good society." The "market knows best," and the market alone will provide for each individual's happiness.

Liberals, on the other hand, take a different view. The market is only an element of freedom. But freedom from taxation, freedom to conduct economic affairs, is ultimately subordinate to a conception of freedom that puts personal growth, happiness, and independence first. Liberals do not simply assume that these things - personal growth, happiness, and independence - can be, axiomatically, provided by the free market. The free market has a role, but the free market is only a means to an end, not an ends in and of itself. Sometimes, the government or civil society will need to intervene in the workings of the market to ensure what is ultimately a higher stage of personal liberty than simply enabling material gain.

In contrast to liberalism, "leftism" (or radicalism) views the free market as antithetical to personal liberty and that only through replacing the capitalist economy will true personal freedom be possible. Liberals do not believe this. Liberals are in favor of free markets, but view free markets as only one element enabling or constitutive of personal freedom.

Various religions define freedom as only coming when one becomes a believer. So, in other words, many Christians (especially, but not exclusively, fundamentalists) believe one can only truly be free by coming to Christ and leading a Godly life. And I would guess the same is true for other religions, especially Islam.


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Excellent diary Ben (none / 0)

and welcome to MyDD. I've enjoyed your diaries immensely. I haven't had as much time to respond as I would like.

I would recommend One Market Under God for anyone interested in an insightful smackdown of free market utopians like Lawrence Kudlow and that DOW 36,000 Glasser dude over at Techcentral. I used to listen to Larry Elder for laughs on occasion, but a couple of months after everyone knew without question that Enron was corrupt and the energy companies had royally ripped off California, Elder was still defending Enron and Ken Lay. The sheer repetitive nonsense got to be too much.

Then I checked in during a commercial break on Pacifica a couple of months ago, and I hear Curtis Sliwa, filling in for Larry, describing Richard Nixon as a socialist. That's their typical frame, accusing liberals and even moderate Dems of being leftists and socialists. If Nixon was a socialist then Eisenhower and his national highway system was also a socialist.

As far as the intersection between free market utopians and the religious right, there is a tectonic flaw between these two groups. There is a large bloc of populist religious conservatives who are very anti-corporate welfare and extremely distrustful of large corporations. Bush's success has to a large degree been a result of his and Rove's ability to paper over the differences between the Wall Street Republicans and religiouns conservatives.

Another interesting correlation is between the apocalyptic beliefs of relgious conservatives and the apocalyptic vison of neo-conservatives. They both share the same dark, paranoid perspective on communism in the past and Islam extremists today.

by Gary Boatwright on Thu Jan 27, 2005 at 02:38:27 PM EST

i agree (none / 0)

I totally identify with you here. i've always thought the term "freedom" used in the BUSH agenda seems too vague. i mean, what does he really mean when he says we are going to "bring freedom to all nations of the world"? how do you define that? if anything, i think Iraq has become less free since we sought to bring them freedom through military action...
by ypsilanti on Thu Jan 27, 2005 at 02:56:18 PM EST

Re: i agree (none / 0)

>>> ...what does he really mean when he says we are going to "bring freedom to all nations of the world"? <<<<

He means he is going to bring "capitalism" to all nations.  To the one-dimensional Bush-ites, freedom, democracy and capitalism are interchangeable terms (in spite of all evidence to the contrary).

by Joe Hill on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 01:12:10 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Yes (none / 0)

I agree with the whole post, but my favorite was the last paragraph.  As a practicing Christian, I'm very familiar with the doctrine that true freedom only comes from Christ, and you are right to say that the same thing is believed in other religions, at least Judaism and Islam.  As a liberal, I personally am against the governemtn supporting any particular religion more than another, but we must recognize that the majority of Americans are Christians.  In fact in all of the developed world, Americans are the most conservative in their religion.  Those beliefs affect their definition of freedom directly, even if it is subconcious.  

Many Christian democrats would say that while they believe that Christ is the only way to heavon, they believe that others are welcome to their own opinion.  That doesn't mean that they reject they basic idea that one way of thinking may be superior though, in fact the fact that subscribe to a religion teaches that one worldview is ultimately correct may very well incourage them to see other areas of the world the same way.  One example of this, I believe, is the idea that "our" form of democracy is superior to other forms.  I find it is very easy to fall into the trap of believing that American style democracy and freedom will automatically work for all people.  I think that is the bigest difference.  Conservatives see American ideas of democracy as inherently better than other ways of thinking about democracy and freedom, while liberals are more likely to accept other forms of democracy.

Two additional comments need to be made.  First, I am speaking mainly about democracy because, as far as I can tell, that is the best, if not the only, way to guarantee freedom.  Second, I am a Christian, so if any one interprets this comment as criticism of the Christian or any other faith, please don't.  I'm mainly speaking out of my own experience.

by Nameless Soldier on Thu Jan 27, 2005 at 03:27:48 PM EST

Re: Yes (none / 0)

I liked your post Soldier, but I just wanted to point out that not all of Christianity subscribes to the true faith doctrine.  Usually the sections of Christianity that do subscribe to this are the ones who practice a literal translation of the bible.  This usually includes much of the fundamentalist and moderate to conservative protestant group.  This practice started on a largely followed basis with Martin Luther.  Usually groups that take a literal interpretation of the bible tend to have conservative religious beliefs (not political, just religious) that any sin is forgiven if you believe in Christ etc.  

Other sections of Christianity choose to follow an allegorical interpretation of the bible.  These include more of the liberal protestant groups, unitarians, and UCC.  These groups interpret the bible the way history says the earliest Christians interpreted it, which was allegorical.  So when the bible says accept Christ in your heart they do not view this as the only way to heaven to is to believe in Christ and if you believe you can pretty much do what you want because it is forgiven.  They believe accepting Christ means following his example in life...very peaceful, humble, help the less fortunate etc.  They also tend to believe that non-christians can go to heaven based on their actions, and not on their strict belief.  This is why those churches are generally tolerant of Gays and non-christians.

Which is the correct belief ?  Well, obviously the only way to find out is to die.  I am sure you can obviously tell what my beliefs are, so I have a slightly biased opinion.  I mainly just wanted to let you know there is a growing group of Christians who reject the literal interpretation started by Martin Luther and would like to see Christianity as a whole return to the tolerance that is obviously preached with an allegorical interpretation.  

 

by yitbos96bb on Thu Jan 27, 2005 at 04:43:06 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Oh, I know (none / 0)

In fact, I'm part of the allegorical camp myself.  My point is that as someone who was raised conservative Christian, it wasn't until I was fairly old that I began to interpret the Bible allegorically instead of literally.  That means that there is a certain predisposition to my-way-or-the-highway thinking in my subconscious.  Because I know that, I can do my best to keep that from influencing my politics.  It is entirely possible that you either never had that instinct or that you've overcome it.  I just think we need to realize that most Americans probably haven't even realized that it's there.
by Nameless Soldier on Thu Jan 27, 2005 at 04:59:50 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Harping on a Theme (none / 0)

I have argued before (borrowing a theme from intellectual historian James Kloppenburg's The Virtues of Liberalism) that historically, American liberalism has been about balancing the values or "virtues" of freedom, equality, and community, and that this is what distinguishes liberalism from conservatism, libertarianism, and radicalism.

Liberals favor freedom, but it has to be a freedom in which all people can participate equally.

Likewise, liberal community must be one in which all people are valued equally, and all have an equal say in defining the rights and obligations that constitute that community.

Thus, liberalism must also be committed to directly attacking economic, social, and political inequalities.

by tgeraghty on Thu Jan 27, 2005 at 10:53:48 PM EST

Then why is America growing so economically polari (none / 0)

economically polarized...

more than at any time since 1929, and growing..

With most of that wealth going to the top 1%.

meanwhile we are throwing our future down the drain as millions of worthy people can't afford a college education..

(that is, unless they 'join' the new, 'all volunteer' military)

Wouldn't know why they would want to get a degree though.

Unless they want to get a job where they are all going, overseas....

From my perspective as a person who follows computer science, I see a bloodbath coming..

The non-creative non-executive jobs that remain here in the US remain because of either technical reasons that will be overcome in the next 20 years (most of them) or, because of sentimental reasons that will probably fade over time... (like our sentimental need for salespeople in stores or waiters in restaurants)

A very high percentage of 'executives' also don't make any real decisions, they are more appropriately considered 'managers' and as such, they are clearly expendable.

The 'real' upper class has always had a lot of disdain for the 'white collar' workers, seeing them as just interlopers, there for a short ride, nothing more..

Get the picture?

An America without middle-class jobs is also an America without consumers

Houston, we have a problem...

by ultraworld on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 10:19:37 AM EST
[ Parent ]

A related idea (none / 0)

Freedom to choose only among genuinely bad choices isn't really freedom.

You aren't really free if 3 people come up to you -- one to rob, one to rape, and one to mutilate -- but it's your choice which one actually touches you.

Likewise, you aren't really free if your only options are starvation, a life of crime, or a job with no prospects of advancement and inadequate pay to escape poverty.

This is where the libertarian and economic-conservative definitions of freedom run into trouble -- they sound good in practice, and in some cases they can work, but they fail nastily in an economy dominated by WalMarts.

by ColoRambler on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 12:24:06 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: A related idea (none / 0)

Argh.

"...sound good in practice..."

should be

"...sound good in principle".

by ColoRambler on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 12:25:51 PM EST
[ Parent ]

Freedom is a red herring. (none / 0)

Propaganda. A sham. Smoke and mirrors. A manipulative lie bent on using emotional rhetoric to shape public will and exploit their values in support of the political ambitions of a few.

It is a basic law of international politics that no country does anything for free. There is always something to gain, and as a result, usually others who lose. Every nation seeks to strengthen its economic and military power base while expanding its influence over others, at their expense. There is simply no such thing as true philanthropy on a geopolitical level.

Which is why when I hear a politician use the word "freedom" or "hope" or "compassion" or other such rhetoric, I begin to exam just what does America have to gain from pursuing this course of action? Because assuredly, there is ALWAYS something, and it can usually be quantified in dollars.

http://operationyellowelephant.blogspot.com/
by Vote Hillary 2008 on Thu Jan 27, 2005 at 11:19:47 PM EST

Re: Freedom is a red herring. (none / 0)

Perhaps on geopolitical level. I'll give you the benefit of the doubt here.

On the domestic level, I don't think this is true.

by Ben P on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 12:18:06 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Freedom is a red herring. (none / 0)

I'm feeling especially cynical today.

However, I draw comfort in the fact that there are still individual people who are true philanthropists. I was heartened by the news a few days ago that the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation contributed $750 mil towards GAVI's fund for immunizing the developing world from viruses that are virtually extinct in western nations.  Bill has stated that over 95% of his wealth will ultimately be given to charitable causes and he sees himself as his vast fortune's caretaker -- responsible for ensuring it goes back to the world in ways that can help the most people.

People like that remind me that not all is lost in this sad, sad world.

http://operationyellowelephant.blogspot.com/
by Vote Hillary 2008 on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 04:27:13 AM EST
[ Parent ]

God bless us, everyone... (none / 0)

Thank you, bill and especially MELINDA...

One woman who has made a pretty BIG impact.....

Now, nobody can accuse geeks of not having community consciousness...

But still, I use MS products as little as possible.. ..which is very little these days..

Firefox, Linux, FreeBSD, Apache, OpenOffice, theGIMP, Python, and everything else OSS rule...

by ultraworld on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 10:08:32 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Freedom to make lots of money - for ME (none / 0)

without morals or community standards or the past history of anything or the lack of accountability or the loss of US jobs or the pollution of our childrens future or especially not product liability for anything...

YEAH....

ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME

It's all about me...

Not you or we..

ME

And f*** you, by the way....

;)

(just kidding, everybody, trying to make a point..)

by ultraworld on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 10:03:05 AM EST

Yes, well, (none / 0)

So are the freepers... Conservatives tend to view freedom primarily - if not exclusively - through an economic lens.

Those who do the latter are what we call "libertarians" or "Ayndy Randyans," not "conservatives." The words "liberal" and "conservative" encompass a whole wonderful rainbox of ideologies and only some of them are corporatist/market-in-everything types.

As for the perceived slight against FR, exactly how much time have you spent reading comments there?

by TheLonewackoBlog on Fri Jan 28, 2005 at 03:46:49 PM EST

Freedom (none / 0)

Hello all. This is my first post (or entry, whatever it's called here) on MyDD.

Libertarians and "freepers" believe in "negative" freedom; that is, non-interference from others. No one has to a right "to" anything, all rights are viewed in the context of freedom from interference.

There are several problems with this view. First of all and most importantly, it makes no provisions for the rights of the person and of survival. For no one would have a right "to" life, but they would have a right not to have their life, if it is currently in their possession, taken away from them without their consent. Likewise, no one has a right "to" health care, education, food, water, shelter... and here's the biggie, air. In fact, government action to procure these necessities would be an infraction on the freedom of its citizens; and here's why air is the clincher. Public domains are inconsistent with libertarian philosophy, and even leaving aside environmental regulations and the like which imply government ownership of air, there is still the fact that the mere barring of businesses from "buying" domains of air constitutes governmental tyranny. Therefore, under "negative rights" ideology, true freedom will only exist when people need to pay for the air they breath (and guess how the poor are expected to pay for this).

The "air" argument is the big one, but there's another problem with positive rights themselves being implied in the negative re-definition. The right to a fair trial is the most obvious of these. (Given the libertarian position on tort reform, it's clear they don't actually believe in the right to a fair trial, but they must always put on that they do, and that's all that matters.) The best the negative freedom-er can do is state that "your trial (as an abstract possession) should not be taken from you without your consent", but this doesn't answer why a trial of any sort has to take place to begin with. Same with privacy. Why is it that no one can infringe upon "your" privacy? Where did you come upon this possession? If this "possession" belongs to each person from the outset, then by definition it is a positive right. This view of rights is only compatible with regards to tax policy (and it is really only used as an argument against it, so it is fitting), because one could make the case that your money is your property because you earned it. But no one earns privacy or a fair trial.

So negative rights in this extreme sense ends up being an untenable position. At best, the libertarian can say "rights are not rights when they ask others to sacrifice for your benefit", ie welfare. Again, the right to a fair trial misses this mark as well. And to a lesser extent, privacy misses this reset mark as well. Remember, if someone stalks you but doesn't actually hurt you, he hasn't violated your rights in any way. At best, he is indirectly threatening you; and of course, the problem with this is that it is so wide open. A person who dresses in ghetto garb in a suburb can be said to be indirectly threatening his neighbours.

I could go on, but you get the point. It will be a fine day for the virtues of honesty and clarity if all the libertarians ended this pseudo-philosophical chicanery and just said what they meant: "Let the rich do what they want, dammit!"

As for your elevator pitch definition of freedom, I won't be as good a help as others because I'm a leftist, not a liberal. All I can say is that freedom is just the ability to act on our choices and impulses. Every single ideology or political ism in the world is against freedom in certain respects, and with good reason. My advice is, be as vague or even downright dishonest as you like during 30 second pitches about freedom. The intricacies can come later.

by AquarianSun531 on Sun Jan 30, 2005 at 01:45:18 AM EST


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